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Neuro 3
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Olidogendrocytes are | form myelin sheats around axons of CNS |
| Microglia are | phagocyose foreign material (garbage trucks) |
| Astocytes are | help regulate external environment of neurons in CNS |
| Ependymal cells | line the ventricles of brain and central canal of spinal cord |
| What cell fuction also as neural stem cells | ependymal and astrocytes |
| Gial cells are are derived from | ectoderm |
| 2 types of Glial cells in PNS | Schwann and Satellite |
| Schwann cells | form myelin sheaths in PNS |
| Satellite/ or Ganglionic Gliocytes | support neurons cell bodys in PNS |
| Large satellite cells that radiate like star | Astocytes |
| Most abundant of glial cells | astocytes |
| Astrocytes has ending processes called | endfeet surround cappilaries in CNS |
| Astrocytes ideally located to influence | interactions between neurons and neurons and blood |
| Astrocytes Generally involved in | BBRR capillaries to form blood-brain barrier,Buffering K+ levels, Recycling Neurotransmitters, Regulating adult neurogenesis |
| Protoplasmic astrocytes | Astrocytes of gray matter--also differ in shape |
| Distinguished by intermediate filaments | GFAP-Glial-Fibrillary Acidic Protein- |
| Distinguished immunohistochemically | Protoplasmic astrocytes |
| Fibrous Astrocytes | located in white matter |
| Astrocyte with great amount of intermediate filaments | Fibrous Astocytes |
| Astrocyte role in development | provide a path for neuronal migration |
| Role of Astrocytes in Injury of CNS | injury in CNS leads to destrution of cells, and this space is filled by hypertrophy of astrocytes |
| Retains the ability to proliferate in mature brain | Astrocytes |
| Majority of CNS tumors are composed of | astrocytic orgin |
| Astrocytes secrete | growth factors*, cholesterol, and lipoproteins *so does retrograde |
| Cholesterol and lipoproteins essential for | synaptic growth and plasticity |
| Astrocytes in diseases secrete | interleukin, and protaglandin (Cytokines) |
| Role of Cytokines | helps microglia control inflammation |
| Astrocytes role in envronmental modulation | ionic concentrations and pH are maintained by astrocytes |
| Glial cell with ion channels in membrane | astrocyte |
| Clears K+ from extracellular space after AP | astrocytes |
| Form gap juctions | Astrocytes |
| Role of synctia | (astrocytes act as one to clear K+ |
| Participate in NT metabolism | Astrocytes |
| Astrocytes and postsynaptic effect | quickly remove NT from synaptic cleft |
| Glutamate | Taken up by astrocyes and inactivated |
| How gluatmate inactivated | addition of ammonia makes glutamine |
| What happens after formation of glutamine | release into extracellular space adn recycled by neurons |
| Regional Heterogeneity | Astocyes vary between gray and white matter, and NT receptors, ion channels,and uptake systems |
| How Blood Brain barrier formed | endfeet form tight juntions of endothelial cells |
| How solultes enter blood brain barrier | only diffuse across endothelium, transporters (highly selective) |
| Glial cells in both gray and white matter | Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes |
| Demyelinating disease | MS |
| Fuction of Oligodendrocytes | myelination and surround cell bodies in gray matter |
| Mylein degerates and replaced with | astocytic plaues |
| Astrocytic plaques results in | interruption of propagation of AP |
| What is nerve regeneration | ability of nervous tissue to regrow |
| Where nerve regeneration occurs | more readlity in PNS, than CNS |
| Why regrowth only occurs in PNS? | oligodenrocytes produce proteins that inhibit regrowth |
| What Neuronal proliferation only occus in adult CNS | olfactory epithelium and hippocampus |
| Regeneration of cell body | none |
| Regeneration of axon | can occur |
| What happens first at injury site during neuron regeneration | cytoplasm leaks out, until membrane comes and seals opening |
| What happens second in Regeneration | proximal segement swells and organelles and filaments are carried into axon by axonal transport |
| Role of Schwann cells and regeneration | produce chemical factors that tell cell body an injury has occured |
| Four stagesss in neuron regeneration | 1 cytoplasms leak 2. swell 3. Schwann Cells 4Distal segment dies and synaptic transmission ceases |
| After nerve death-Schwann cells | screte chemical that aid in growing axon tip,a nd guide to destination by regeneration tube |
| Mircoglia are known as | immune effector cells of CNS |
| Cell predominatly involved in inflammation | Microglia |
| 1% of CNS cellular population | Microglia |
| Glial quiescent during health | Microglia |
| Secrete IL B, adn Tumor necrosis factor a | Microglia |
| Physically blocks axon regeneration in CNS | astrocytes |
| Frequent source of primary brain tumors in adults and children | Astocytomas-glial derived |
Created by:
talkglitter2486