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Heredity/Reproductio
7.14ABC HEREDITY, GENETICS, & REPRODUCTION
Term | Definition |
---|---|
HEREDITY | Transfer of genetic information from parent to offspring. |
DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA) | Contains information that forms the hereditary material of all cells. |
CHROMOSOME | Single, highly organized and structured piece of DNA. |
GENES | Basic physical and functional unit of heredity made up of DNA. |
GENOTYPE | Exact genetic information carried by a single individual. |
PHENOTYPE | Physical appearance of an organism. |
DOMINANT | Allele that is always expressed. |
RECESSIVE | Allele that is only expressed if there is no different allele present. |
TRAIT | Characteristic of an organism; can be genetic or acquired. |
ALLELE | Different versions of a gene. |
HOMOZYGOUS | Having two identical alleles for a particular trait. |
HETEROZYGOUS | Having 2 different alleles for a particular trait. |
NUCLEUS | Membrane-bound structure in eukaryotic cells that contains the DNA. |
GENETICS | The scientific study of heredity. |
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION | Reproductive process that involves 1 parent & produces uniform offspring identical to the parent. |
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION | Reproductive process involving 2 parents whose genetic material is combined to produce a new diverse organism different from themselves. |
BINARY FISSION | Type of asexual reproduction in which 1 cell divides to form 2 identical cells, such as occurs in prokaryotic cells. |
BUDDING | Type of asexual reproduction in which an offspring grows out of the parent organism. |
VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION | Type of asexual reproduction by which 1 plant produces new plants that are genetically identical to the parent plant. |
OFFSPRING | Product of reproduction, a new organism produced by one or more parents. |
UNIFORM | The same all the way through; consistent. |
DIVERSE | Different; varied. |
REPRODUCTION | The production of offspring. |