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Muscles
Question | Answer |
---|---|
The ability of muscle to shorten | Contractility |
Capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to stimulus | Excitability |
Ability to be stretched | Extensibility |
Ability to recoil to original resting length | Elasticity |
Connective tissue sheath | Epimysium |
Connective tissue located outside of the epimysium | Fascia |
Loose connective tissue | Perimysium |
single muscle cells | fibers |
Connective tissue sheath | Endomysium |
A threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other | Myofibrils |
Thin myofilaments | Actin Myofilaments |
Thick myofilaments | Myosin Myofilaments |
Actin and myosin myofilaments form highly ordered units | Sarcomeres |
Attachment site for actin | Z line |
Extends the length of the myosin | A band |
The charge difference across the membrane | resting membrane potential |
Brief reversal back of the charge | Action potential |
Nerve cells carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | Motor neurons |
A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates | Motor unit |
Enlarged nerve terminal | Presynaptic Terminal |
the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell | Synaptic cleft |
the muscle fiber | postsynaptic terminal |
Neurotransmitter | Acetylcholine |
Actin and myosin myofilaments slide past one another | Sliding filament mechanism |
A contraction of an entire muscle | muscle twitch |
The muscle fiber will contract maximally | Threshold |
the time of contraction | contraction phase |
the muscles relax | relaxation phase |
The muscle remains contracted without relaxing | Tetany |
The increase in number of motor units being activated | Recruitment |
Needed for muscle contraction | ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) |
Produced in the mitochondria | ATP |
Without oxygen | Anaerobic respiration |
With oxygen | Aerobic respiration |
The amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose | Oxygen debt |
ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced | Muscle Fatigue |
the length of the muscle doesn't change | Isometric |
the length of the muscle changed | Isotonic |
Constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time | Muscle tone |
Contract quickly and fatigue quickly | Fast-Twitch fibers |
The most stationary end of the muscle | Origin |
End of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement | Insertion |
Muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements | Synergists |
Muscles that work in opposition to each other | Antagonists |
One muscle plays the major role in accomplishing the desired movement | Prime Mover |
Chewing | Mastication |
Neck muscle | Sternocleidomastoid |
Muscles that move the thorax | Thoracic muscles |
Accomplishes quiet breathing | Diaphragm |
Flexes the wrist | Flexor carpi |
Extends the wrist | extensor carpi |
flexes the fingers | flexor digitorum |
extends the fingers | extensor digitorum |
attaches humerus to the scapula and the clavicle | deltoid |
extends the forearm | triceps brachii |
Rotates scapula | trapezius |
Buttocks | Gluteus maximus |
"Tailors muscle" | Sartorius |
Posterior thigh muscles | Hamstring muscles |
20 Muscles located within the foot | Intrinsic foot muscles |
The point of attachment of each muscle | its origin and insertion |
Changes the shape of the tongue | Intrinsic tongue muscles |
Moves the tongue | Extrinsic tongue muscles |
Tendinous area of the abdominal wall | Linea alba |
Group of muscles on each side of the back | Erector spine |
Posterior thigh muscles | Hamstring muscles |
Attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavical | Deltoid |
Strong band of of fibrous connective tissue that covers the flexor | Retinaculum (bracelet) |
Flexes the thigh | Sartorius |
The arm is attached to the thorax by.. | the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi muscles |
20 muscles located in the foot | intrinsic foot muscles |
the lateral muscles of the leg | Peroneus |
The time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction | lag phase |