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BJU Physical Science

Chapter 4

QuestionAnswer
mechanics the scientific study of forces and motion, which consists of kinetics, dynamics, and statics
kinematics The science of describing how things move.
dynamics the study of how forces affect an objects motion
statics the description of how stationary objects react to pushes and pulls
system part of the universe under study separated from its surroundings by an actual of imaginary boundry.
surroundings everything outside a systems boundary
frame of reference the geometric space containing the reference point and coordinate axes from which a person observes or measures position and movement
coordinate axis an imaginary line that contains a origin as a point of reference and is marked off in distance units
interval a span of time during which a phenomenon is observed calculated by subtracting the initial time from the final time.
scalar any measurable quantity represented by an italicized symbol the can be completely described by a single piece of information.
vector a measurable quantity, represented by a bold symbol, that requires two pieces of information to fully describe it
distance a positive scalar quantity representing the linear dimension a moving covers during a time interval.
displacement a quantity that describes the net distance and direction of motion. it is always a vextor quantity and is represented graphically by a vector arrow whose tail is at the starting point of motion and whose tip is at the ending point.
magnitude the size of any quantity expressed as a positive number in appropriate units. the length or size of a vector is its magnitude
speed the rate of motion of a system. it may also be the magnitude of velocity. it is always a scalar quantity.
average speed the average rate of motion overa time interval that accounts for varitations in speed. it is positive scalar quantity
velocity the rate of change of the speed or velocity of a system during a time interval. it may be a vector or scalar quantity.
instantaneous speed actual speed at any instant.
Created by: StacyC
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