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HESI A2-Chemistry
Study set for chemistry, version 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| If a Hydrogen is in a compound, what would its oxidation number be? | +1 |
| What is the oxidation number of any simple ion? | +1 or -1 depending on the charge of the ion |
| How many kilograms are in a pound? | 0.453592 kg |
| What is the temperature for freezing point of water in Celsius? | 0 degrees |
| What is the conversion of Celsius to Fahrenheit | 0 Celsius = 32 Fahrenheit |
| How many amino acids are in a dipeptide? | 2 |
| If Oxygen is in a compound, what would its oxidation number be? | -2 |
| What is a pentose? | A 5 carbon sugar |
| What is the oxidation state of the Sulfur atom in Sulfuric Acid H2SO4? | 6 |
| How many neutrons does carbon 14 have? | 8 |
| How many protons does potassium have? | 19 |
| How many amino acids are essential for human life? | 20 amino acids |
| What is normal body temperature? | 37 degrees Celsius, 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit |
| What does amphoteric mean? | Describes a substance that can act as both a base and an acid |
| What is Kelvin based around? | Absolute zero |
| A compound that is a Hydrogen or proton donor, corrosive to metals, causes blue litmus paper to become red, and become less acidic when mixed with a base is? | An acid |
| What is a mixture of 2 or more metals? | Alloys |
| What are characteristics of an acid? | -pH less than 7.0 -sour/tart -formulas begin with H -proton donor |
| What are 3 types of radiation in nuclear chemistry? | Alpha, Beta, and Gamma |
| What are characteristics of Alpha radiation? | -emission of He (Helium) ions in the nuclei -contains 2 protons and 2 neutrons -+2 charge -largest radiation particle -can be stopped by a piece of paper |
| What is a type of alloy in which another metal is dissolved in Mercury (Hg)? | Amalgam |
| What are proteins made up of? | Amino Acids |
| Glycogen is what kind of starch? | Animal starch |
| What is an atom called when it gains one or more electrons? | Anions |
| What is a basic building block of a molecule? | An atom |
| What is the atomic mass? | Average mass of an element's isotope |
| What is the atomic number? | Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| What are characteristics of a base? | -pH greater than 7.0 -A hydrogen or proton acceptor -produces -OH -bitter, slippery, conduct electricity -has hydroxyl group in the makeup of the molecule |
| What is biochemistry? | Study of substances & processes occuring in living things |
| What is Fahrenheit based off of? | Body temperature |
| How does β Surface area speed up chemical reactions? | By β areas of contact where chemical reactions can occur |
| How do catalysts accelerate a chemical reaction? | By reducing the amount of energy needed for a reaction to occur |
| What does COOH symbolize? | A carboxyl group |
| Which of the following is not a solution type? | A catalyst |
| What is a catalyst? | Substance that speeds up a chemical reaction |
| What is an atom called when it loses one or more electrons? | Cations |
| What is chemical bonding? | The joining of atoms to form new substances (ionic and covalent) |
| What is an ionic bond? | Attraction between 2 oppositely charged ions/between a metal and nonmetal. An atom steals an electron from another. |
| What is a single covalent bond? | A chemical bond that shares 1 electron pair and formed between nonmetals. |
| What is a chemical reaction? | The making and breaking of chemical bonds, leading to changes in composition of matter. |
| What is a double covalent bond? | Occurs when 2 electron pairs are shared |
| What is a triple covalent bond? | Occurs when 3 electron pairs are shared |
| What kind of reaction is the following? 2C2H6 (g) + 7O2 (g) 4CO2(g) + 6H2O | A combustion reaction |
| What is a combustion reaction? | A chemical reaction that occurs when a substance reacts with Oxygen, releasing energy in the form of heat & light |
| What is a compound? | Combination of 2 or more elements or atoms |
| What are different types of solutions? | Compounds, Alloys, Amalgams, and Emulsions |
| Strongest type of chemical bond? | Covalent |
| What is a decomposition reaction? | A single compound breaks down to form one or more simpler substances |
| What is deoxyribose? | A sugar used in the formation of DNA |
| What are attractions between opposite charges of polar moles? | Dipole-dipole forces |
| What is a disaccharide? | A double sugar molecule made of 2 monosaccharides bonded together through dehydration synthesis |
| When two monosaccharides are joined together, this makes? | Disaccharide |
| What type of chemical bond shares 2 electron pairs? | Double covalent bond |
| What does a double displacement look like? | AB + CD = AD + CB |
| What is a single displacement look like? | A + BC --> B + AC |
| What is a group of electrons revolving around the nucleus of an atom called? | Electron cloud |
| What is a mixture of matter that readily seperates such as water and oil? | Emulsion |
| What are the three common temperature systems? | Fahrenheit, Celsius, Kelvin |
| What is Celsius based around? | Freezing and boiling point of water |
| What is reduction? | Gain of electrons |
| What is gamma radiation? | -similar to x-rays -can be stopped by several feet of concrete or several inches of Lead -High energy electromagnetic radiation lacking charge and mass |
| What is an example of a unit measure of weight? | Gram |
| What are the basic units of the metric system? | Gram, Liter, Meter |
| What are hydrogen bonds? | Weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom |
| What are examples of intermolecular forces? | Hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole, dispersion forces |
| What are 4 basic ways to speed up a reaction? | Increase temperature, increase surface area, increase catalyst, and concentration |
| What are intermolecular forces? | Forces of attractions between molecules |
| Where are nucleic acids, DNA, and RNA found? | The cell nucleus |
| What are atoms of the same element but have different numbers of neutrons called? | An isotope |
| Gluconeogenesis is a process that produces? | Glucose from proteins and fats |
| What is oxidation? | Loss of electrons (OIL) |
| How to express concentration of atoms? | Mole |
| What is reduction? | Gain in electrons (RIG) |
| What part of the nucleus of an atom has no charge? | Neutrons |
| What is the molarity formula? | πππππ ππ ππππ’π‘π /πΏππ‘πππ ππ ππππ’π‘πππ = πππππππ‘π¦ |
| What are single sugar molecules? | Monosaccharides |
| How doesβconcentration cause reaction acceleration? | More potential for contact (chemical reaction) |
| Which is an example of an ionic bond? | NaCl because is has no charge |
| In a covalent bond compound, if the electrons are shared equally, then the bond is? | Non-polar (water loving) |
| What is the study of changes that occur in atomic nuclei? | Nuclear chemistry |
| What is a polar covalent bond? | Unequal sharing of electrons |
| When 3-6 monosaccharides join together, this is called | Polysaccharides |
| What is emission of particles or energy from an unstable nucleus? | Radioactivity |
| What are particles that are emitted during radioactivity? | Radiation |
| What is a reactant? | A chemical substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction. Reactant --> Product |
| What is a substance that is dissolved in a solution? | A solute |
| What is a homogenous mixture of 2 or more substances? | Solution |
| What liquid substance is capable of dissolving other substances? | A solvent |
| What is stoichiometry? | The calculation of quantities in chemical reactions |
| What is synthesis? | Chemical reaction in which 2 elements combine to form a product |
| How many electrons does an Oxygen ion have? | 10 |
| What is the charge of Potassium (K) in KCL? | +1 |
| What is the mass of 1 mole of CO2? | 44 g/mol |
| How many moles are present in 2 moles of O2? | 1.204 x 10^24 |
| What characterizes a chemical reaction as a combustion? | Adding O2 |
| What does the sum of oxidation number equal? | Charge on polyatomic ion |
| Increasing the _____ causes the particles to have greater kinetic energy, allowing them to move faster and have a greater chance? | Temperature |
| To balance an equation, what is placed in front of each component? | A coefficient |
| Dispersion forces are found in which covalent bond? | Non-polar |
| Which is the weakest of all intermolecular forces? | Dispersion forces |
| A dipole attraction is a ______ intermolecular force? | Weak |
| What is created when an electron pain in a covalent bond is shared equally? | Dipole |
| The attractions of one dipole to another is? | Dipole interactions |
| Strongest bond of intermolecular forces? | Hydrogen bond |
| Elements Fluorine (F), Chlorine (CL), Oxygen (O), and Nitrogen (N) are involves in which bond? | Hydrogen bond |
| What is polarity? | Based on the difference in electronegativity values for the elements involved |
| What reactions take place in the nucleus to obtain stable nuclear configurations? | Nuclear reactions |
| Mass # - Atomic # = | # of neutrons in an element |
| Protons + Neutrons = | Mass # |
| # of protons in an element = | Atomic # |
| Neutral Ions | Neutrons |
| Negative charge ions | Electrons |
| Positive charge ions | Protons |
| Charge of noble gases? | 0 |
| Group IA charge | +1 |
| Group IIA charge | +2 |
| Group IIIA charge | +3 |
| Group VA charge | -3 |
| Group VIA charge | -2 |
| Group VIIA charge | -1 |
| What are the rows on the periodic table called? | Periods |
| What are the column of the periodic table called? | Groups |
| What is the number of protons an element has? | Atomic number |
| How are elements arranged on the period table? | By their chemical properties |
| Matter that has definite shape and volume: | Solid |
| Matter that changes in volume with changes in temperature and pressure: | Gas |
| Which change of matter is when no change is made to the chemical composition of a substance? | Physical |
| Simplest substance and is represented by a letter or letters? | Element |
| Law that states matter can neither be created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction? | Law of Conservation of Mass |
Created by:
mcandrea
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