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Physical property
Chemical and Physical Properties/Changes
Question | Answer |
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Physical property | A characteristic of matter that can be observed and measured without changing the identity or chemical makeup of the substance |
Examples of physical properties | Color, odor, size, hardness, luster, phase of matter, mass, density, boiling point, melting point, solubility, conductivity |
color | Physical property; can be observed by looking at it |
odor | Physical property; many substances have a noticeable odor |
size | Physical property; can be measured without altering the chemical makeup of the substance |
mass | Physical property; measures the amount of matter in an object |
weight | Physical property; measures the force of gravity on an object |
density | Physical property; how tightly packed the atoms in an object are; mass divided by volume |
Boiling point | Physical property; the point at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas |
Melting point | Physical property; the point at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid |
solubility | Physical property; the measure in which an object dissolves into another object |
Electrical conductivity | Physical property; the measure of a material’s ability to allow the transport of an electrical charge |
Chemical property | A trait or behavior of a substance that gives it the ability or inability to undergo a chemical change; can only be observed when the substance is going through a chemical change or reaction |
Examples of chemical properties | reactivity, combustibility (flammability), and toxicity |
reactivity | Chemical property; how easily an atom has a chemical reaction with another element |
Combustibility and flammability | Chemical property; the ability a substance has to burn |
combustion | Chemical property; a chemical reaction that produces heat and light |
toxicity | Chemical property; the ability and strength of a substance to cause poisonous effects to living things |
Physical change | Change that happens without changing the chemical composition of a substance; no new substance is formed; usually (but not always) reversible |
Chemical change | Occurs when a substance undergoes a change that creates a new substance with different chemical and physical properties than the original substance; change is not reversible |