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Ch 14 Science 8
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Mineral | a naturally occuring, inorganic, crystalline solid with a definite chemical composition |
Ore | rock containing one or more minerals that are the source of elements or compounds important to industry or agriculture |
Element | a substance composed of only one kind of atom |
Native Mineral | a mineral that contains only one kind of atom and is therefore a pure element |
Compound | a substance formed from two or more elements combined |
Mixture | two or more substances mixed together but not chemically combined |
streak | The color of the powdered mineral that remains after rubbing the specimen across porcelain |
Streak plate | A piece of unglazed porcelain on which a mineral is rubbed in performing a streak test |
luster | Refers to the quality and intensity of light reflected from the mineral’s surface |
accretion | The growth or enlargement of a crystal |
cleavage | Allows a mineral to break easily into thin sheets |
fracture | The characteristic manner in which a mineral breaks when it does not exhibit cleavage. |
Hardness test | A comparison of the ability of one substance to scratch or be scratched by another |
Mohs scale | From 1 to 10, classifies minerals according to their relative hardness |
Specific gravity | A ratio of the mass of a mineral to that of an equal volume of water |
lodestone | magnetite is known as this |
flame test | identifies the color of the flame produced when the mineral burns |
refraction | bending of light |
polarization | a light wave is filtered so that it vibrates in only one direction |
magnetism | measures the ability of the mineral to pick up pieces of iron |
fluorescent | Minerals that emit light while absorbing radiation from another source |
phosphorescent | Minerals that emit light after absorbing radiation from another source |
double refraction | it produces a double image as light passes through it. |
luminescence | to glow |