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Government Unit 4

Institutions

Question	Answer
California v. Bakke	Court affirmed Powell's opinion rejecting "quotas" but allowing race to be one "factor" in college admissions to meet the compelling interest of diversity; 14th Amendment, Civil Rights Act of 1964
Tinker v. Des Moines	supports the protection of free expression that does not disrupt the educational purposes of the school; Extended student rights in school; 1st Amendment Freedom of Speech
Roe v. Wade	Gave a woman total control over the pregnancy during the first trimester and defined different levels of state interest for the 2nd and 3rd trimesters; 14th Amendment to the US Constitution
Webster v. Reproductive Health Services	Court began to restrict women’s rights to an abortion; 14th Amendment (Due Process, equal protection)
New Jersey v. TLO	Changed student’s rights forever; the standard’s for search and seizure on school property changed to admins no longer needing probable cause but reasonable suspicion; US Constitution Amendment IV
US v. Nixon	Confidential executive deliberations privilege is not absolute and can be overcome if a judge concludes that there is a compelling government interest; President is not above law; No relevant laws
Texas v. Johnson	Flag Protection Act 1989- this law made it a crime to knowingly mutilate, deface, physically defile, burn, or trample a US Flag. In 1990, Supreme Court of the US declared this law unconstitutional. Amendment I: Speech, Press, and Assembly
Earl Warren	Liberal Judicial Activist
William Burger	Liberal Activist
William Rehnquist	Conservative Restraint
How a case gets to the supreme court	appeal from a circuit court. A party seeking to appeal a decision of a circuit court can file a petition to the Supreme Court for a writ of certiorari.
Standing committee	permanent/specialized; 20 in the House, 18 in the Senate
Select Committee	temporary; created for a specific purpose and is disbanded afterward (Watergate)
Joint Committee	made up of members of both houses that function like standing committees focused on a policy area
Conference Committee	temporary, usually for the purpose of reaching compromise on a bill
Ways and Means Committee	all bills go through here.
Rules committee	issues rules for debate on the floor
Iron Triangle	the policy making relationship between congress, federal agencies, and interest groups
Example of an Iron Triangle	Military-Industrial Complex, DOD, Defence Contractors
President Impeachment	The House must first pass by a simple majority articles of impeachment, which constitute the formal allegation or allegations. The Senate tries the accused
Debate is different in House and Senate?	House has limits, Senate does not.
Presidential Succession Act	it establishes the order of who succeed the President
Top 5 in Succession to President	Vice President, Speaker of the House, President Pro Temp, Secretary fo State, Secretary of Treasury
Executive Orders	presidential directives that carry the force of law without the direct approval of congress
Executive Agreements	foreign policy agreements between our president and a foreign head of state that does not require congressional approval.
Executive Privilege	to keep people and conversations that take place between the President and his advisors confidential.
How do you become a justice?	Appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate for life terms
2 President Key advisors not confirmed by senate	Chief of Staff, Vice President
First Amendment	Personal Freedoms: Speech, Press, Peacable assembly, petition the government to resolve a grievance.
Second Amendment	The right to keep and bear arms
Fourth Amendment	Protection from unreasonable search and seizure
Fifth amendment	protection from double jeopardy, be a witness against yourself, be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law
Sixth Amendment	Right to an attorney
Eighth Amendment	Protection from cruel and unusual punishment
Formal Powers of the President	commander in chief of the military; establish foreign policy, make treaties recieve ambassadors and heads of state; chief executive of the US; power to grant pardons and reprieves; appoint ambassadors, judges, and officers of the US
Formal Powers of the President	give congress a "state of the union" address; set the nation's policy agenda
War Powers Resolution	an attempt to clarify the power of the President and congress to send out troops into combat without a formal declaration of war; must notify congress within 48 hours of committing troops; they cannot stay more than 60 days without congressional approval

Created by: pochatkin on 2009-12-14

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Government Unit 4

Institutions