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IST 164 CH2

Configuring DNS Servers

TermDefinition
Domain Name System (DNS) A distributed hierarchical database composed mainly of computer name and IP address pairs.
fully qualified domain name (FQDN) The full domain name for a host that specifically identifies it within the hierarchy of the Domain Name System.
DNS namespace The entire DNS tree that defines the structure of the names used to identify resources in network domains. It consists of a root name, top-level domains, second-level domains, optionally one or more subdomains, and hostnames separated by periods.
root servers A DNS server that keeps a database of addresses of other DNS servers managing top-level domain names.
top-level domain (TLD) servers A DNS server that maintains addresses of other DNS servers that are authoritative for second-level domains.
Hostnames An assigned name that is associated with an IP address, so when a client looks up the name www.microsoft.com, the DNS server returns an IP address.
zone A grouping of DNS information that represents one or more domains and possibly subdomains.
resource records Data in a DNS database containing information about network resources, such as hostnames, other DNS servers, and services; each record is identified by a letter code.
DNS client A computer making a DNS query.
DNS resolver See DNS client.
iterative query A type of DNS query to which a DNS server responds with the best information it has to satisfy the query. The DNS server doesn't query additional DNS servers in an attempt to resolve the query.
referral (1) A response to an iterative query in which the address of another name server is returned to the requester. (2) A prioritized list of servers used to access files in a namespace.
recursive query A query in which the DNS server processes the query until it responds with an address that satisfies the query or with an"I don't know" message. The process might require the DNS server to query several additional DNS servers.
authoritative server A DNS server that holds a complete copy of a zone's resource records (typically a primary or secondary zone).
forwarder A DNS server to which other DNS servers send requests they can't resolve themselves.
conditional forwarder A DNS server to which other DNS servers send requests targetd for a specific domain.
caching-only DNS server A DNS server with no zones. Its sole job is to field DNS queries, do recursive lookups to root serverers, or sends requests to forwarders and then cache the results.
forward lookup zone (FLZ) A DNS zone containing records that translate names to IP addresses, such as A, AAAA, and MX records. It's named after the domain whose resource records it contains.
reverse lookup zone (RLZ) A DNS zone containing PTR records that map IP addresses to names; it's named with the IP network address (IPv4 or IPv6) of the computer whose records it contains.
primary zone A DNS zone containing a read/write master copy of all resource records for the zone; this zone is authoritative for the zone.
secondary zone A DNS zone containing a read-only copy of all resource records for the zone. Changes can't be made directly on a secondary DNS server, but because it contains an exact copy of the primary zone, it's considered authoritative for the zone.
stub zone A DNS zone containing a read-only copy of the only the zone's SOA and NS records and the necessary A records to resolve NS records. A stub zone forwards queries to a primary DNS server for that zone and is not authoritative for the zone.
Dynamic DNS (DDNS) A DNS name-registering process whereby computers in the domain can register or update their own DNS records.
host record A resource record in a DNS zone that consists of a hostname and an IP address. Also called an A record or AAAA record depending on whether the IP address is IPv4 or IPv6.
A record A resource record in a DNS zone that consists of a hostname and an IPv4 address. Also called a host record.
AAAA record A resource record in a DNS zone that consists of a hostname and an IPv6 address. Also called a host record.
CNAME record A record containing an alias for another record that enables you to refer to the same resource with different names yet maintain only one host record.
PTR record A type of DNS resource record that is used to resolve a known IP address to a hostname.
MX record A type of DNS resource record that is used to resolve a domain name in an email address to the IP address of a mail server for that domain.
glue A record An A record used to resolve the name in an NS record to its IP address.
zone transfer An operation that copies all or part of a zone from one DNS server to another and occurs as a result of a secondary server requesting the transfer from another server.
Global Names Zone (GNZ) A feature that provides a way for IT administrators to add single-label names (computer names that don't use a domain suffix, such as NetBIOS names to DNS, thereby allowing client computers to resolve these names w/o including a DNS suffix in the query.
Root hints A list of name servers preconfigured on Windows DNS servers that point to Internet root servers, which are DNS servers located on the Internet and managed by IANA.
round robin A method of responding to DNS queries when more than one IP address exists for the queried host. Each IP address is placed first in the list of returned addresses an equal number of times so that hosts are accessed alternately.
DNS audit events An audit event that tracks changes to a DNS server, such as when zone or resource changes are made, and is enabled by default.
DNS analytic events An event that is created every time DNS sends and receives information.
DNS analytic event An event that is created every time DNS sends and receives information.
DNS audit event An audit event that tracks changes to a DNS server, such as when zone or resource changes are made, and is enabled by default.
hostname An assigned name that is associated with an IP address, so when a client looks up the name www.microsoft.com, the DNS server returns an IP address.
root server A DNS server that keeps a database of addresses of other DNS servers managing top-level domain names.
top-level domain (TLD) server A DNS server that maintains addresses of other DNS servers that are authoritative for second-level domains.
Created by: cswilloughby15
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