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MLT Ch. 2 Hematology
Success! 75-165
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a cellulose acetate electrophoresis revealed a large band of hemoglobin in the hemoglobin S position. This band is quantified at 95%. The peripheral smear revealed 70% target cells, and the solubility test was neg. Based on this, what is the hemoglobin? | Hemoglobin D |
| A previously healthy man experiences weakness and hemoglobinuria after taking the antimalarial agent primaquine. This hemolytic attack most likely occurred because of a deficiency of | Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase |
| What condition is an acquired red cell membrane defect that results in increased sensitivity to complement binding | paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria |
| Lead intoxication, isoniazid treatment for tuberculosis, and acute alcohol ingestion are associated with what acquired reversible anemia | sideroblastic anemia |
| What statements relate to relative anemia of pregnancy | it is normocytic and normochromic, it does not produce an oxygen deficit for the fetus, and it is associated with an increase in plasma volume |
| the anemia found in chronic renal failure is most likely caused by | loss of erythopoietin synthesis |
| What are some characteristics about aplastic anemia | it is a stem cell, disorder, there is a risk of life-threatening infection, there are frequent bleeding complications |
| The fish tapeworm Diphylobothrium latum is associated with the development of | macrocytic anemia |
| an increase in erythropoietin is not a normal compensating mechanism in what condition | renal tumors |
| Thalassemias are the result of a | Quantitative defect in globin-chain synthesis |
| what are characteristics of iron-deficiency anemia | increased serum transferrin, decreased transferrin saturation, decreased ferritin |
| clinical manifestations of a homozygous mutation involving the beta-globin gene will most likely appear | by 6 months of age |
| the hemolysis associated with infection by malaria organisms is due to the | release of merozoites from erythrocytes |
| a tech received a 5 mL EDTA tube that contained a 0.5mL of anticoagulated blood. A smear was made with Wright's stain. when viewed the majority of cells appeared to have evenly distributed, blunt spicules on the surface. what is the interpretation? | crenated cells caused by the incorrect blood to anticoagulant ratio |
| when iron use exceeds absorption, what then happens first? | iron stores are depleted |
| the major mechanism responsible for the anemia of chronic disease is | impaired release of storage iron |
| What are some characteristics of the idiopathic type of sideroblastic anemia | it is refractory to treatment, the blocks in heme synthesis are unknown, it is a subtype of myelodysplastic syndromes |
| thinning of bones and deformation of facial bone structure seen in homozygous beta-thalassemia is a | result of hyperplastic marrow activity |
| what accurately describes cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia? | red cell agglutination in extremities induces Reynaud's phenomenon, it may occur secondary to Mycoplasma pneumonia, hemolysis is complement-mediated or via removal of coated cells |
| what anemia would have a high red cell distribution width (RDW) | sickle cell disease during crisis |
| What disorders would splenomegaly be a common finding | homozygous beta-thalassemia, hereditary spherocytosis, hemoglobin SC disease |
| functionally white blood cells are divided into | phagocytes, and immunocytes |
| what is the largest white blood cell normally found in the peripheral blood? | monocyte |
| what is the approximate amount of time a granulocyte spends in the circulation before migrating into the tissues | less than a day |
| what percentage of neutrophils in the peripheral blood constitutes the circulating pool | 50% |
| what is the major phagocytic cell involved in the initial defense against bacterial pathogens | neutrophil |
| what is the growth factor that is primarily responsible for regulating granulocyte and monocyte production | colony stimulating factor |
| what does the granulocyte mitotic pool in the bone marrow contain | myeloblasts and promyelocytes |
| a "shift to the left" when used to describe a cell population refers to | increased cells in the blood due to a redistribution of blood pools |
| what is a characteristic of agranulocytosis | decreased numbers of granulocytes |
| what are some characteristics of T lymphocytes | they secrete cytokines, the comprise majority of cells in the blood lymphocyte pool, they regulate the immune response |
| an adult has a total WBC count of 4.0x10^9/L. the differential count is as follows; neutrophils - 25%, bands 5%, lymphs 65%, and monocytes 5%. The absolute value reference range for lymphocytes 1.0-4.0x10^9/L. What is the determination for lymphocytes | there is a relative lymphocytosis |
| True or False, Auer rods are composed of fused primary granules | true |
| what factors can be associated with variations in the total white blood cell count? | age, exercise, and emotional stress |
| Would an absolute neutrophil count of 1.0x10^9/L be associated with risk of infection? | yes, neutropenia is associated with a risk of infection. the degree of neutropenia correlates with the infection risk from high susceptibility(<1.0x10^9/L) to great risk (<0.5x10^9/L). infection increases with the degree and duration of the neutropenia |
| What are some characteristics of basophils | morphologically, basophils resemble tissue mast cells; basophilic granules contain heparin and histamine, and the granules are water soluble. |
| the myelocyte is the most mature granulocyte precursor that can undergo | mitosis |
| production of primary granules ceases and production of secondary granules commences with what cell stage | myelocyte |
| what are some facts about eosinophils | they contain a type of peroxidase that is distinct from that of neutrophils, eosinophils are an important line of defense against parasites, major basic protein is a component of eosinophil granules |
| what is a characteristic of primary granules | coated with a phospholipid membrane |
| what are indicators of a neutrophillic response to tissue damage or inflammatory stimuli | toxic granules and Dohle bodies in the neutrophils |
| what is the term for cell movement through blood vessels to a tissue site | diapedesis |
| vasodilation and bronchoconstriction are the result of degranulation by which of the following blood cells | basophils |
| on what basis can B and T lymphocytes be distinguished | monoclonal antibody reactions to surface and cytoplasmic antigens |
| cells that produce immunoglobulins in response to antigenic stimulation are designated | plasma cells |
| what are some characteristics about neutrophils | they have surface receptors for IgG and complement components, the contain alkaline phosphatase and muramidase, they act in nonspecific phagocytosis and are destined to die |
| what are some characteristics that would help distinguish reactive lymphocytes from monocytes | a sharp indentation of the cytoplasmic margin by adjacent red blood cells, presence of large azurophilic granules, abundant, deeply basophilic cytoplasm |
| what can differentiate metamyelocytes from other stages of granulocyte maturation | indentation of nucleus |
| lymphocyte concentrations in the peripheral blood are greatest during what age interval | 1 to 4 years |
| what is true about macrophages | they are mature tissue forms of blood monocytes, they serve as antigen-presenting cells to the immune system, and they remove damaged or dying cells and cellular debris |
| antigen-dependent lymphopoiesis occurs in secondary lymphoid tissue located in the | spleen and lymph nodes |
| what is produced by neutrophils during the respiratory burst | hydroxyl radicals (OH-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and superoxide anion (O2-) |
| in patients with infectious mononucleosis which blood cells are infected by the causative agent? | B lymphocytes |
| what does a hairy cell contain | tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase |
| based on the WHO classification system B cell ALL (FAB type L3) and ---?--- represent different clinical presentations of the same disease entity | Burkitt lymphoma |
| the presence of both immature neutrophils and nucleated erythrocytes in the peripheral blood is most accurately called a | leukoerythroblastic reaction |
| in which anomaly is a failure of granulocytes to divide beyond the band or two-lobed stage observed | Pelger-Huet |
| What are some cases where eosinophils would be increased | allergic disorders, skin disorders, parasitic infection |
Created by:
jParette
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