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Success: Chemistry
Clinical chemistry questions from Success! in Clinical Chemistry
| Question | Answer | |
|---|---|---|
| "Which of the following lamps provides a continuous spectrum of radiant energy in the visible, near IR, and near UV regions of the spectrum?<br>a. Tungsent-filament<br>b. Hydrogen<br>c. Deuterium<br>d. Mercury vapor<br>" | Tungsent-filament | This is a test |
| Whis of the following isolates light within a narrow region of the spectrum?<br>a. Photomultiplier tube<br>b. Monochromator<br>c. Photovoltaic cell<br>d. Detector<br> | Monochromator | |
| Which of the following is <i>not</i> descriptive of a photomultiplier tube?<br>a. Emits electrons proportionally to initial light absorbed<br>b. Must be shielded from stray light<br>c. Cannot be used with a chopper<br>d. Amplifies the initial signal rec | Cannot be used with a chopper | |
| Which of the following is <i>false</i> about a photomultiplier<br>a. Converts radiant energy (light) to electrical energy (current)<br>b. Amplifies the current significantly<br>c. Has a very rapid response time<br>d. Is composed of an iron plate and a l | Is composed of an iron plate and a layer of selenium | |
| Which type of photodector employs a linear arrangement that allows it to respond to a specific wavelength resulting in complete UV/visible spectrum analysis?<br>a. Photomultiplier tube<br>b. Phototube<br>c. Barrier layer cell<br>d. Photodiode array<br> | Photodiode array | |
| "When performing spectrophotometer quality assurance checks, what is the holmium oxide glass filter used to access?<br>a. Linearity<br>b. Stray light<br>c. Absorbance accuracy<br>d. Wavelength accuracy<br>" | Wavelength accuracy | |
| "In spectrophotometric analysis, what is the purpose of the reagent blank?<br>a. Correct for interfering chromogns<br>b. Correct for lipemia<br>c. Correct for protein<br>d. Correct for color contribution of the reagents<br>" | Correct for color contribution of the reagents | |
| "In regards to bichromatic analysis, which of the following is <i>false</i>?<br>a. Absorbance is measured at the spectral absorbance peak for a blank and the samples using the same wavelength<br>b. Eliminates background interferences<br>c. Sample concen | Absorbance is measured at the spectral absorbance peak for a blank and the samples using the same wavelength | |
| "The bandpass of a spectrophotometer is 10 nm. If an instrument is set at 540 nm, the wavelengths that are permitted to impinge on the sample will be within what wavelength range?<br>a. 530-540 nm<br>b. 530-550 nm<br>c. 535-545 nm<br>d. 540-550 nm<br>" | 535-545 nm | |
| Which of the following formulas is an expression of the Beer-Lambert law that is routinely applied to spectrophotometric analysis?<br>a. A<sub>u</sub> x C<sub>s</sub>/A<sub>s</sub> = C<sub>u</sub><br>b. C<sub>u</sub> x C<sub>s</sub>/A<sub>s</sub> = A<s | A<sub>u</sub> x C<sub>s</sub>/A<sub>s</sub> = C<sub>u</sub> | |
| "In spectrophotometry, which of the following is a mathematical expression of the relationship between absorbance and transmittance?<br>a. A = <i>abc</i><br>b. A<sub>u</sub>/C<sub>u</sub> = A<sub>s</sub>/C<sub>s</sub><br>c. A = 2 - log %T<br>d. A = log | A = 2 - log %T | |
| Which of the followining is <i>not</i> a problem inherent in turbidimetry?<br>a. Variation in particle size of samples<br>b. Variation in particle size of standards<br>c. Rate of aggregation or settling of particles<br>d. Need to maintain a constant and | Need to maintain a constant and specific temperature | |
| "Which of the following may be associated with reflectance spectrophotometry as it relates to the dry reagent slide technique?<br>a. Light projected to the slide at 180°-angle<br>b. Dye concentration directly proportional to reflectance<br>c. Unabsorbed | "Unabsorbed, reflected light detected by photodetector" | |
| Fluorometers are designed so that the path of the exciting light is at a right angle to the path of the emitted light. What is the purporse of this design?<br>a. Prevent loss of emitted light<br>b. Prevent loss of the excitation light<br>c. Focus emitte | Prevent excitation light from reaching the detector | |
| Which of the following represents a primary advantage of performing fluorometric over absorption spectroscopic methods of analysis?<br>a. Increased specificity and increased sensitivity<br>b. Increased specificity and decreased sensitivity<br>c. Purity | Increased specificity and increased sensitivity | |
| Which of the following may be associated with fluorescence polarization?<br>a. Plane-polarized light is used for sample excitation<br>b. Small molecular complexes show a greater amount of polarization<br>c. It's a heterogenous technique employed in fluo | Plane-polarized light is used for sample excitation | |
| Which of the following may be associated with bioluminescence?<br>a. Light emission produced due to enzymatic oxidation of a substrate<br>b. Less sensitive than direct fluorescent assays<br>c. Electron excitation caused by radiant energy<br>d. Employs a | Light emission produced due to enzymatic oxidation of a substrate | |
| Nephelometry is based on the measurement of light that is:<br>a. Absorbed by particles in suspension<br>b. Scattered by particles in suspension<br>c. Produced by fluorescence<br>d. Produced by excitation of ground-state atoms<br> | Scattered by particles in suspension | |
| Which of the following instruments is used in clinical or reference laboratories to detect beta and gamma emissions?<br>a. Fluorometer<br>b. Nephelometer<br>c. Scintillation counter<br>d. Spectrophotometer<br> | Scintillation counter | |
| Which of the following best describes chemiluminescence?<br>a. Electron excitation caused by radiant energy<br>b. Enzymatic oxidation of a substrate produces light emission<br>c. Chemical energy excites electrons that emit light upon return to ground st | Chemical energy excites electrons that emit light upon return to ground state | |
| Which of the following isolates light within a narrow region of the spectrum?<br>a. Photomultiplier tube<br>b. Monochromator<br>c. Photovoltaic cell<br>d. Detector<br> | Monochromator | |
| Which of the following is <i>not</i> descriptive of a photomultiplier tube?<br>a. Emits electrons proportionally to initial light absorbed<br>b. Must be shielded from stray light<br>c. Cannot be used with a chopper<br>d. Amplifies the initial signal recei | Cannot be used with a chopper | |
| Which of the following is <i>false</i> about a photomultiplier<br>a. Converts radiant energy (light) to electrical energy (current)<br>b. Amplifies the current significantly<br>c. Has a very rapid response time<br>d. Is composed of an iron plate and a lay | Is composed of an iron plate and a layer of selenium | |
| Which type of photodector employs a linear arrangement that allows it to respond to a specific wavelength resulting in complete UV/visible spectrum analysis?<br>a. Photomultiplier tube<br>b. Phototube<br>c. Barrier layer cell<br>d. Photodiode array<br> | Photodiode array | |
| When performing spectrophotometer quality assurance checks, what is the holmium oxide glass filter used to access?<br>a. Linearity<br>b. Stray light<br>c. Absorbance accuracy<br>d. Wavelength accuracy<br> | Wavelength accuracy | |
| In spectrophotometric analysis, what is the purpose of the reagent blank?<br>a. Correct for interfering chromogns<br>b. Correct for lipemia<br>c. Correct for protein<br>d. Correct for color contribution of the reagents<br> | Correct for color contribution of the reagents | |
| In regards to bichromatic analysis, which of the following is <i>false</i>?<br>a. Absorbance is measured at the spectral absorbance peak for a blank and the samples using the same wavelength<br>b. Eliminates background interferences<br>c. Sample concentra | Absorbance is measured at the spectral absorbance peak for a blank and the samples using the same wavelength | |
| The bandpass of a spectrophotometer is 10 nm. If an instrument is set at 540 nm, the wavelengths that are permitted to impinge on the sample will be within what wavelength range?<br>a. 530-540 nm<br>b. 530-550 nm<br>c. 535-545 nm<br>d. 540-550 nm<br> | 535-545 nm | |
| Which of the following formulas is an expression of the Beer-Lambert law that is routinely applied to spectrophotometric analysis?<br>a. A<sub>u</sub> x C<sub>s</sub>/A<sub>s</sub> = C<sub>u</sub><br>b. C<sub>u</sub> x C<sub>s</sub>/A<sub>s</sub> = A<sub | A<sub>u</sub> x C<sub>s</sub>/A<sub>s</sub> = C<sub>u</sub> | |
| In spectrophotometry, which of the following is a mathematical expression of the relationship between absorbance and transmittance?<br>a. A = <i>abc</i><br>b. A<sub>u</sub>/C<sub>u</sub> = A<sub>s</sub>/C<sub>s</sub><br>c. A = 2 - log %T<br>d. A = log %T< | A = 2 - log %T | |
| Which of the followining is <i>not</i> a problem inherent in turbidimetry?<br>a. Variation in particle size of samples<br>b. Variation in particle size of standards<br>c. Rate of aggregation or settling of particles<br>d. Need to maintain a constant and s | Need to maintain a constant and specific temperature | |
| Which of the following may be associated with reflectance spectrophotometry as it relates to the dry reagent slide technique?<br>a. Light projected to the slide at 180°-angle<br>b. Dye concentration directly proportional to reflectance<br>c. Unabsorbed, r | Unabsorbed, reflected light detected by photodetector | |
| Fluorometers are designed so that the path of the exciting light is at a right angle to the path of the emitted light. What is the purporse of this design?<br>a. Prevent loss of emitted light<br>b. Prevent loss of the excitation light<br>c. Focus emitte | Prevent excitation light from reaching the detector | |
| Which of the following represents a primary advantage of performing fluorometric over absorption spectroscopic methods of analysis?<br>a. Increased specificity and increased sensitivity<br>b. Increased specificity and decreased sensitivity<br>c. Purity of | Increased specificity and increased sensitivity | |
| Which of the following may be associated with fluorescence polarization?<br>a. Plane-polarized light is used for sample excitation<br>b. Small molecular complexes show a greater amount of polarization<br>c. It's a heterogenous technique employed in fluo | Plane-polarized light is used for sample excitation | |
| Which of the following may be associated with bioluminescence?<br>a. Light emission produced due to enzymatic oxidation of a substrate<br>b. Less sensitive than direct fluorescent assays<br>c. Electron excitation caused by radiant energy<br>d. Employs a r | Light emission produced due to enzymatic oxidation of a substrate | |
| Nephelometry is based on the measurement of light that is:<br>a. Absorbed by particles in suspension<br>b. Scattered by particles in suspension<br>c. Produced by fluorescence<br>d. Produced by excitation of ground-state atoms<br> | Scattered by particles in suspension | |
| Which of the following instruments is used in clinical or reference laboratories to detect beta and gamma emissions?<br>a. Fluorometer<br>b. Nephelometer<br>c. Scintillation counter<br>d. Spectrophotometer<br> | Scintillation counter | |
| Which of the following best describes chemiluminescence?<br>a. Electron excitation caused by radiant energy<br>b. Enzymatic oxidation of a substrate produces light emission<br>c. Chemical energy excites electrons that emit light upon return to ground stat | Chemical energy excites electrons that emit light upon return to ground state | |
| Which of the following lamps provides a continuous spectrum of radiant energy in the visible, near IR, and near UV regions of the spectrum?<br>a. Tungsent-filament<br>b. Hydrogen<br>c. Deuterium<br>d. Mercury vapor<br> | Tungsent-filament | This is a test too |
| Which of the following isolates light within a narrow region of the spectrum?<br>a. Photomultiplier tube<br>b. Monochromator<br>c. Photovoltaic cell<br>d. Detector<br> | Monochromator | |
| Which of the following is <i>not</i> descriptive of a photomultiplier tube?<br>a. Emits electrons proportionally to initial light absorbed<br>b. Must be shielded from stray light<br>c. Cannot be used with a chopper<br>d. Amplifies the initial signal recei | Cannot be used with a chopper | |
| Which of the following is <i>false</i> about a photomultiplier<br>a. Converts radiant energy (light) to electrical energy (current)<br>b. Amplifies the current significantly<br>c. Has a very rapid response time<br>d. Is composed of an iron plate and a lay | Is composed of an iron plate and a layer of selenium | |
| Which type of photodector employs a linear arrangement that allows it to respond to a specific wavelength resulting in complete UV/visible spectrum analysis?<br>a. Photomultiplier tube<br>b. Phototube<br>c. Barrier layer cell<br>d. Photodiode array<br> | Photodiode array | |
| When performing spectrophotometer quality assurance checks, what is the holmium oxide glass filter used to access?<br>a. Linearity<br>b. Stray light<br>c. Absorbance accuracy<br>d. Wavelength accuracy<br> | Wavelength accuracy | |
| In spectrophotometric analysis, what is the purpose of the reagent blank?<br>a. Correct for interfering chromogns<br>b. Correct for lipemia<br>c. Correct for protein<br>d. Correct for color contribution of the reagents<br> | Correct for color contribution of the reagents | |
| In regards to bichromatic analysis, which of the following is <i>false</i>?<br>a. Absorbance is measured at the spectral absorbance peak for a blank and the samples using the same wavelength<br>b. Eliminates background interferences<br>c. Sample concentra | Absorbance is measured at the spectral absorbance peak for a blank and the samples using the same wavelength | |
| The bandpass of a spectrophotometer is 10 nm. If an instrument is set at 540 nm, the wavelengths that are permitted to impinge on the sample will be within what wavelength range?<br>a. 530-540 nm<br>b. 530-550 nm<br>c. 535-545 nm<br>d. 540-550 nm<br> | 535-545 nm | |
| Which of the following formulas is an expression of the Beer-Lambert law that is routinely applied to spectrophotometric analysis?<br>a. A<sub>u</sub> x C<sub>s</sub>/A<sub>s</sub> = C<sub>u</sub><br>b. C<sub>u</sub> x C<sub>s</sub>/A<sub>s</sub> = A<sub | A<sub>u</sub> x C<sub>s</sub>/A<sub>s</sub> = C<sub>u</sub> | |
| In spectrophotometry, which of the following is a mathematical expression of the relationship between absorbance and transmittance?<br>a. A = <i>abc</i><br>b. A<sub>u</sub>/C<sub>u</sub> = A<sub>s</sub>/C<sub>s</sub><br>c. A = 2 - log %T<br>d. A = log %T< | A = 2 - log %T | |
| Which of the followining is <i>not</i> a problem inherent in turbidimetry?<br>a. Variation in particle size of samples<br>b. Variation in particle size of standards<br>c. Rate of aggregation or settling of particles<br>d. Need to maintain a constant and s | Need to maintain a constant and specific temperature | |
| Which of the following may be associated with reflectance spectrophotometry as it relates to the dry reagent slide technique?<br>a. Light projected to the slide at 180°-angle<br>b. Dye concentration directly proportional to reflectance<br>c. Unabsorbed, r | Unabsorbed, reflected light detected by photodetector | |
| Fluorometers are designed so that the path of the exciting light is at a right angle to the path of the emitted light. What is the purporse of this design?<br>a. Prevent loss of emitted light<br>b. Prevent loss of the excitation light<br>c. Focus emitted | Prevent excitation light from reaching the detector | |
| Which of the following represents a primary advantage of performing fluorometric over absorption spectroscopic methods of analysis?<br>a. Increased specificity and increased sensitivity<br>b. Increased specificity and decreased sensitivity<br>c. Purity of | Increased specificity and increased sensitivity | |
| Which of the following may be associated with fluorescence polarization?<br>a. Plane-polarized light is used for sample excitation<br>b. Small molecular complexes show a greater amount of polarization<br>c. It's a heterogenous technique employed in fluoro | Plane-polarized light is used for sample excitation | |
| Which of the following may be associated with bioluminescence?<br>a. Light emission produced due to enzymatic oxidation of a substrate<br>b. Less sensitive than direct fluorescent assays<br>c. Electron excitation caused by radiant energy<br>d. Employs a r | Light emission produced due to enzymatic oxidation of a substrate | |
| Nephelometry is based on the measurement of light that is:<br>a. Absorbed by particles in suspension<br>b. Scattered by particles in suspension<br>c. Produced by fluorescence<br>d. Produced by excitation of ground-state atoms<br> | Scattered by particles in suspension | |
| Which of the following instruments is used in clinical or reference laboratories to detect beta and gamma emissions?<br>a. Fluorometer<br>b. Nephelometer<br>c. Scintillation counter<br>d. Spectrophotometer<br> | Scintillation counter | |
| Which of the following best describes chemiluminescence?<br>a. Electron excitation caused by radiant energy<br>b. Enzymatic oxidation of a substrate produces light emission<br>c. Chemical energy excites electrons that emit light upon return to ground stat | Chemical energy excites electrons that emit light upon return to ground state | |
| Which of the following lamps provides a continuous spectrum of radiant energy in the visible, near IR, and near UV regions of the spectrum?<br>a. Tungsent-filament<br>b. Hydrogen<br>c. Deuterium<br>d. Mercury vapor<br> | Tungsent-filament |
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