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Unit 3 vocab

By: Corey Rich Period 2

QuestionAnswer
Asthenosphere Layer at the top of the upper mantle that's solid but acts like a liquid.
Subduction The process in which a tectonic plate sinks under another tectonic plate.
Seafloor Spreading The hypothesis that ocean crust is formed at mid - ocean ridges and is destroyed at deep - sea trenches. All this occurs in a cycle of magma intrusion and spreading.
Mantle Convection The cycle in which mantle circulates due to the core's heat. This process is responsible for the movement of the tectonic plates.
Ridge Push A tectonic process that involves convection currents in the earth's mantle that happens when an elevated ridge pushes an oceanic plate into a subduction zone.
Slab Pull A subducting plate pulling the trailing lithosphere into a subduction zone.
Lava Magma that flows on the earth's surface.
Magma Liquid hot material inside the earth's core, specifically in the mantle.
Tectonic Plate A huge piece of earth's crust that cover it's surface and fit together at their edges.
Theory of Continental Drift The theory that the continents were once all joined together and over time they drifted apart.
Convergent Boundary A place where tectonic plates move into each other.
Divergent Boundary A place where tectonic plates move away from each other.
Transform Boundary A place where tectonic plates scrape past each other.
Hot Spot An unusually hot area in the earth's mantle.
Epicenter The point on earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
Focus The point several kilometers below the surface where an earthquake originates.
Pangaea An ancient landmass made up of all the continents that began breaking apart about 200 mya.
Geo-hazard A geological state that'll lead to immense damage like volcanoes, tsunamis, and earthquakes.
Reverse Fault A result of horizontal and vertical compression that squeezes rock and creates a shortening in the crust.
Strike - Slip Fault Faults caused by horizontal shear.
Normal Fault A fault moving partly horizontally and partly vertically.
Compression Stress that decreases the volume of a material.
Tension Stress that pulls a material apart.
Shearing Stress that causes material to twist.
Felsic Light - colored rocks with high silica contents that also contain mostly quarts and feldspar.
Mafic Dark - colored rocks with low silica contents that also contain mostly plaginclase and pyroxene.
Created by: Rich15
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