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Unit 3 Vocab Lindsey
Plate Tectonics
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Asthenosphere | Upper mantle, lower crust |
Subduction | When one plate slides and sinks below another |
Seafloor Spreading | When new floor is made and expands at mid ocean ridges |
Mantle Convection | The circular movement of the material in the mantle as it heats and cools |
Ridge push | When a plate is pushed by new crust coming from a ridge |
Slab Pull | When a plate is subducting and it pulls the rest of the plate with it |
Lava | Molten rock above the crust |
Magma | Molten rock below the crust usually in the mantle |
Tectonic Plate | A massive irregularly shaped slab of crust |
Theory of continental drift | Theory that the continents moved across the surface on tectonic plates |
Convergent Boundary | Boundary where two plates are pushing against each other usually creating mountains and volcanoes |
Divergent Boundary | Boundary where two plates pull apart usually at a mid ocean ridge |
Transform Boundary | Boundary where two plates slide against each other causing faults and earthquakes |
Hot Spot | An area that has frequent earthquakes |
Epicenter | The exact starting location of and earthquake |
Focus | The direct area around the earthquake |
Pangaea | A super continent that existed before it split up into continents today |
Geohazard | A hazard that relates to moving earth usually a mudslide or avalanche |
Reverse fault | When an earthquake causes a section of earth to slide upwards |
Strike slip fault | A fault where a chunk of earth slides and breaks into pieces |
Normal Fault | A fault where a piece of earth slides downwards |
Compression | A compression or large amount of pressure on a rock or section of land and when it breaks leads to faults |
Tension | When there is pressure of two objects against each other and both threaten to slip |
Shearing | When rock begins to crack and wear away due to pressure |
Felsic | Igneous rocks that are light in color and are rich in elements that make quartz |
Mafic | Igneous rocks that are rich in iron and magnesium |