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Unit 2 Vocab
Earth Science Unit 2 Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Igneous Rocks | formed by magma and lava as it cools |
Metamorphic Rocks | formed from other rocks under extreme heat and pressure |
Sedimentary Rocks | formed when sediments are compressed and/or cemented together over time and become a rock |
Intrusive | formed when magma penetrates existing rock, crystallizes and solidifies underground to form intrusions |
Extrusive | hot magma from inside the earth flows out onto the surface as lava or explodes violently into the atmosphere to fall back as pyroclastics or tuff |
Compaction | |
Cementation | process of sedimentary rock formation that occurs when dissolved minerals precipitate out of groundwater and either a new mineral grows between the sediment grains or the same mineral grows between and over the grains |
Foliated | metamorphic rock, such as schist or gneiss, whose minerals are squeezed under high pressure and arranged in wavy layers and bands |
Non-foliated | metamorphic rocks like quartzite and marble, composed mainly of minerals that form with blocky crystal shapes |
Mechanical Weathering | process that breaks down rocks and minerals into smaller pieces but does not involve any change in their composition |
Chemical Weathering | process by which rocks and minerals undergo changes in their composition due to chemical reactions with agents such as acids, water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide |
Erosion | removal and transport of weathered materials from one location to another by agents such as water, wind, glaciers, and gravity |
Landslide | |
Creep | |
Slump | |
Mudflow | |
Regolith | |
Bedrock | |
Glacier | |
Magma | |
Rock cycle | |
Deposition | |
Soil Profile | |
Abrasion | |
Kettle lake |