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Bio Unit 3-W1
Bio Unit 3-W1 - Expreiments
| Question | Question - Further Info | Planning of Investigation | Presentation of Results/Analys | Limitation of Method | Further Work | Planning of Investigation 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Effect of temperature on beetroot cell membrane: 1. Prepare/Present table + suitable graphical form 2. Describe Limitations 3. Conclusions (under further work) | ->test tube with 10m3 of distilled water ->at 25°C, ->left for 30 min) ->results measured with colorimeter ->test repeated at diff temp | (blank) | ->Suitable table with vorrect rows and colums with labels and units ->Row with Mean absorbance calculated ->ie. line graph -> line joins points or good line of best fit | 1. Discs could be cut from different parts of the root 2. Handling discs could cause damage 3. Discs take different times to reach temp of water. 4. Liquid needs to be mixed well to ensure even dispersion of pigments. | 1. Reference to damage to cell membrane 2. Ref to any protein component of cell membrane 3. Denaturation of protein likely above 56° | |
| Effect of enzymes (pectinase/cellulase) on aplle(juice) | ->will mixture of pectinase/cellulase give a greater yield of juice, than using pectinase alone?? 1. Plan experiment to test hyphothesis. | ->use same apple (variety, type) ->apple (pulped/crushed/blended) for FIXED time/in STANDARD manner. ->same MASS/VOLUME of PULP/PECTINASE+DIST. WATER and PECTINASE/CELLULASE MIXTURE each time ->equal conc of each enzyme ->same meth of mixing->see FurW | ->suitable table with correct rows/columns to match suggested method ->Bar chart or line graph if rates have been measured ->presentation of data is comparative | Lim:->diff apples may vary ->acid pH of apple may affect pectin/cellul differe (diff pH/temp optima) ->total juice takes long time to collect FURTH Work: ->vary prop of pect/cell ->test with diff apple variety/fruits ->test oth enzymes on pect | 7. control temp 8. Leave mixture for min 5 min. 9. add pulp/enzyme mix to filter paper in funnel 10. collect juice for min 10 min(until no more juice runs out) 11. use measuring cyli to meas VOL of juic 12. CONTROL with NO enzyme/only cellula->REPEA | |
| Investigation of Human Blood Pressure and change during the day. | 1. Prepare table/Present results, show mean 2. Graphical Presentation 3. Limitations 4. Describe trends/patterns->conclusion | -> correct tos and columns with labels and units ->correct mean calculations | ->axes correctly orientated and labelled with units ->scale correct and more thatn 1/2 paper used ->plot all points correctly ->Line well drwan through all points | ->not controlled factores such as feeding, activity, fitness levels of volunteers ->Measure intervals could have been too long->pressure could be changing between measurements | Trend/Patterns: ->similar patterns for all ->peak at 12:00->lowest value at 24:00 ->decrease in pressure to 15:00 Conclusions ->ref to daily pattern/cardiac cycle ->possible link to activity/sleep | |
| Microlactase is more effective than animal lactase at digesting lactose over a range of lactose concentrations. | Investigate/Plan Hypothesis. 1. Plan investigation 2. Record/Present results and method of Analysis 3. Limitations/Further Work | 1.min 4 diff Lact sol of stated conc.->same conc of both lact used 2.use buffer of pH of small intestine(5-9) 3.control tem at 35-40°->equilibrate all sol separately 4.state vol of Lactose/Lactase (add to art tubing) 5.ref to mixing solutions/outside | ->suitable table with correct rows and columns with units for raw data to match suggested method ->graph of the type that mathces the table ->correct orientation of axes with labels and units ->ref to rate calculations | ->conc of enzymes difficult to determine accur. ->diff to adjust enzyme conc. to give measurable res. ->subjective test->eg diff to determ colour if using glucose test strip ->disapp of lactose NOT measured ->cond in intest may addect lactase diff. | ->test enzyme in vivo cond. ->use wide range of lctose conc/specific conc of milk ->test actions of microlact on 2+ sources of milk, eg human milk/cows milk ->investigate presence of symptomes of lactintolerance when microlactase is used | 5.ref to mixing solutions/outside of tubing washed with distilled water(removing lactose) 6. ref to use of Diabur strips (testing glucose) 7. sampling stated vol of sol 8.Measure quantitatively (red sugar/glucose) eg. use of standards/time of 1st appea |
| Increased concentration of the substrate increases the initial rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction. | Substrate: - hydrogen peroxide 20cm3 of 31.7 mmol dm-3 Source of enzyme catalase: - Liver tissue 3g -> mixed with 250cm2 water belended | 1. Describe trends and patterns 2. Prepare table and present data 3. Limitations 4. Conclusions re hypothesis 5. Present in suitable graphical form | ->initial rate increases until conc of 190 mmol dm-3 ->rate increases at constant rate to conc of 158 mmol dm-3 ->rate of increase is less between 158-190 mmol dm-3 ->rate alm. doubles as conc. doubles betweene 31-63/63-126) manip of figures ->rate | ->suitable table (concentrations and rates) ->correct tows and columns with labels and units (conc and rates) ->rates correctly calculated from means | Conclusions: ->Hypothesis correct at lower concentrations. ->Ref to need to modify hypothesis at higher conc (eg rate of increase decreases at higher conc) ->Ref to active sites becoming saturated at higher concentrations. | -> draw line graph -> axes correct orientation and labelled with units and using half paper -> all points plotted correctly ->line joins points or good line of best fit through the points ->use rate calculated in table |
| Does changes in pH (bcs. of acid rain) inhibit the growth of Lemna? | lemna are aquatic plants with samll leaves (3mm) which float on surface->growth measured by counting No of leaves. 1. Plan investigation to test hypothesis. 6. Plan investigation to test hypothesis. 2. Record Data -> Present Res -> Analyse 3. Limit | 1. Suitable containers described, eg petri dishes 2. same stated No of plants in each (min 5) 3. try standardising lemna, eg. same No of leaves/same mass of Lemna etc. 4. pH range within 1-8 (min 5 values) 5. standart source of water/pond/lake water | ->suitable table with correctly labelled tows and columns with units to match method ->Line graph ->correctly orientated and labelled axes (check method) -> Ref to method of calculating rate of growth ->ALWAYs calculate the MEAN!! | ->Counted leaves can be different sizes ->Evaporation of water can change pH ->Natural pond/lake can change pH ->Nutritients in dishes can get used up plants | ->Test effect on different plants ->Weigh mass/dry mass instead of counting leaves ->Examine plants for signs of physical damage ->Investigate actual pH/water composition of acidified lakes and ponds. | 6. Method of adjusting pH (ie drops of sulphuric/nitric acid) 7. same vol of water in each 8. Temp/Light intens same for all samples 9. Maintain water level 10. No of leaves counted at intervals/fixed period 11. Total time min 2 weeks! 12. RepeatTES |
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1sabelle