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CH 16 Adaptive Immun
Ch 16 Adaptive Immunity
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| CLONAL SELECTION | The development of specific B and T cells against a specific antigen. |
| Adaptive Immunity | A vertebrate’s ability to recognize and then mount a defense against specific invaders and their products. |
| ANTIBODIES | Proteins that are made in response to an antigen. |
| ANTIBODY DEPENDENT CELL MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY | The killing of antibody-coated cells by natural killer cells and leucocytes. |
| ANTIBODY TITER | This is a reflection of the antibody-mediated humoral response and determines the relative amount of antibody in the serum. |
| ANTIGEN | Any substance that causes antibody formation and reacts only with its specific antibody. |
| ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELLS | These cells display a single antigen to T cells. |
| ANTISERUM | Blood-derived fluids containing antibodies. |
| ARTIFICIALLY ACQUIRED ACTIVE | This type of immunity results from vaccination. |
| ARTIFICIALLY ACQUIRED PASSIVE | This type of immunity involves the transfer of preformed antibodies by injection |
| Autoantigens | Self-antigens |
| B CELLS | These cells manufacture specific antibodies. |
| CELLULAR IMMUNITY | Immune response mediated by T cells. |
| CHEMOKINE | A cytokine that induces, by chemotaxis, the migration of leukocytes into infected areas. |
| CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE | A specialized T cell that destroys infected cells presenting antigens. |
| Endogenous antigens | Produced when protozoa, fungi, bacteria, and viruses reproduce inside a body’s cells. |
| EPITOPES | Antigenic determinants. |
| Exogenous antigens | Include toxins and other secretions and components of microbial cell walls, membranes, flagella, and pili. |
| GAMMA GLOBULINS | Immune serum globulins. |
| Helper T cells | These cells help to regulate the activity of B cells and cytotoxic T cells during an immune response. |
| HUMORAL IMMUNITY | Immune response mediated by B cells. |
| IGA | This immunoglobulin is found on mucosal surfaces. |
| IGD | This immunoglobulin is present on the surface of B cells. |
| IGE | This immunoglobulin is involved in allergic reactions. |
| IGG | This is the most abundant antibody in the serum. |
| IGM | This immunoglobulin is the first antibody produced in response to the initial infection. |
| IMMUNOGLOBULINS | Another name for antibodies. |
| INFLAMMATION | A host response to tissue damage characterized by redness, pain, heat and swelling. |
| INNATE RESISTANCE | The resistance of an individual to diseases that affect other species and other individuals of the same species. |
| Lymph | A colorless, watery liquid similar in composition to blood plasma. |
| Major Histocompatibility Complex | A cluster of genes which codes for the major histocompatibility antigens. |
| MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY | A specific antibody produced in vitro by a clone of B cells hybridized with cancerous cells. |
| MONOMER | The simplest molecular structure of a bivalent antibody. |
| NATURAL KILLER CELL | A lymphoid cell that destroys tumor cells and virus-infected cells. |
| NATURALLY ACQUIRED ACTIVE | This type of immunity can be obtained by exposure to antigen during daily life. |
| NATURALLY ACQUIRED PASSIVE | This type of immunity results from the natural transfer of antibodies from a mother to her infant. |
| Regulatory T cells | Previously known as suppressor T cells, also interact with other immune cells and produce different cytokines than helper T cells. |
| SECONDARY RESPONSE | Memory response. |
| T CELL | A type of lymphocyte that is responsible for cell-mediated immunity |
| Primary Response | The slow and limited immune response to a first encounter with an unfamiliar antigen |
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drmicro
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