Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Dietary Nitrogen
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| In the fed state, the liver can convert amino acid carbons to | fatty acids and glycerol, which form the triacylglycerols of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). |
| During fasting, muscle protein is degraded and supplies amino acids to the blood, and the liver converts amino acid carbons to | glucose or ketone bodies. |
| Amino acids are used for the synthesis of many nitrogen-containing compounds such as | the purine and pyrimidine bases, heme , creatine , nicotinamide, serotonin, thyroxine, epinephrine , melanin, and sphingosine |
| Lysosomal proteases digest | endocytosed protein |
| Large cytoplasmic complexes(proteasomes)digest | older or abnormal proteins that have been covalently tagged with protein ubiquitin for destruction |
| proline (P), glutamate (E), serine (S), and threonine (T) have | short half-lives. hydrolyzed by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. |
| SUMO stands for | small ubiquitin-like modifier, and when proteins are tagged with it their activities are altered (either positively or negatively depending on the protein |
| Pepsin is in the stomach and converts | complex proteins to small peptides |
| Trypsin is in the pancreas and acts on basic amino acids | lysine, arginine, histine |
| Chymtripsin | is in the pancreas and acts on aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan |
| Elastase and Carboxiypeptidase acts on | Caboxy terminal amino acids |
| Secretory trypsin inhibitor can cause | pancreatitis |
| Neutral amino acids | (Ala, Val, Leu, Met, Phe, Tyr, Ile)0r Zwitter ions |
| Basic amino acids | (Lys, Arg) and Cysteine |
| Acidic amino acids | (Asp, Glu) |
| Sodium–amino acid carrier system is | secondary active transport |
| The L-system of amino acid transport is not dependent on sodium for cotransport. The L- system transports | branched-chain and aromatic amino acids, and will be exploited in a treatment for phenylketonuria (PKU). |
| Disease related to defective membrane-transport systems of Amino acid absorption | Cystinuria, Hartnup disease |
| transporter is responsible for active transport of cystine, ornithine, arginine and lysine (COAL) is defective and all four appear in urine. hexagonal kidney stones | Cystinuria |
| Deficiency of tryptophan (neutral aa) transporter in proximal renal tubular cells and on enterocytes leads to clinical features of pellagra (niacin deficiency). Diarrhea, Dermatitis and Dementia | Hartnup Disease |
Created by:
splashgreen
Popular USMLE sets