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CC EXAM 2

QuestionAnswer
2 or more fractured ribs in 2 or more places producing free floating segments. What type of trauma is it caused by? Flail chest. Blunt trauma.
Blunt force to the chest. What are two causes? Blunt Trauma. MVC or fall.
How are rib fractures in the elderly treated? Admitted to ICU for pulmonary toilet
Projectile that enters chest causing a small or large hole. What are 2 causes? Penetration Trauma. Stab or gunshot
Chest is caught between 2 objects and chest is compressed Compression Injury
Why should the RN be concerned with 1st and 2nd rib fractures? There could be lower neck injuries, such as apical pneumothorax
What is a diaphragmatic rupture? What type of trauma can cause it? What side is it more common on? Tear in the diaphragm that causes the abdominal organs to enter the chest, caused by blunt trauma. It is more common on the left side.
What are 4 S&S of diaphragmatic rupture? Decreased breath sounds on affected side, abdominal pain, bowel sounds heard in chest cavity, SOB
What type of trauma can causes a closed/simple pneumothorax? What is the treatment ? Blunt trauma, self-correcting
If a patient has a closed/simple pneumothorax, when should the RN prepare to assist with chest tube insertion? If the client becomes symptomatic
What are 4 S&S of a closed/simple pneumothorax? Tachypnea, chest pain, SOB, decreased breath sounds on affected side
What type of trauma causes an open pneumothorax? What is the treatment? Penetration trauma. Occlusive dressing, secured on 3 sides, needle decompression until chest tube can be placed, high flow O2
What are 3 distinguishing S&S of an open pneumothorax? Sudden sharp pain, subcutaneous emphysema, red bubbling from wound on exhalation
What are 6 early signs of a tension pneumothorax? What are 5 late signs? SOB, restlessness, tachypnea, tachycardia, poor color, decreased breath sounds. JVD, deviated trachea. accessory muscle use, low BP, narrowing pulse pressures
What type of shock should the RN assess for when caring for a patient with a hemothorax? Hypovolemic shock: decreased CO, decreased BP, anxiety, SOB, tachypnea
What are S&S of pericardial tamponade? What is the treatment? Beck's Triad: JVD, low BP, muffled heart sounds. Pericardiocentesis and open chest (thoracotomy)
What is the most important assessment when caring for a patient with suspected traumatic aorta rupture? Check BP in both arms
Sternal fractures and steering wheel imprints are indicative of what type of cardiac trauma? Blunt cardiac injury
What are 5 S&S of a traumatic aortic rupture? rapid LOC, rapid decreasing BP, tachycardia, tearing or burning in chest, decreasing BP or pulse on left side
A bruised lung causing injury, inflammation and possibly edema Pulmonary contusion
What is the biggest complication of extremity trauma? What is the priority treatment? Compartment syndrome. Maintaining perfusion
What is used to stabilize a femur fracture? Traction splint for realignment
What are the 5 P's to assess for when compartment syndrome is suspected? Pain (e), Pallor (l), parethesia (e), pulselessness (l), paralysis (l)
How should a fractured limb be elevated? Above the level of the heart
What is the difference between crush injury and crush syndrome? What is the treatment? Crush injury is localized, crush syndrome is systemic. Sodium Bicarbonate
What type of renal failure is associated with crush syndrome and why? What is the treatment? Intrarenal failure because of the toxins in the blood and decreased perfusion to the kidneys. 1 ML/KG/HR output to flush kidneys. CRRT or hemodialysis
What is a complication of crush syndrome if left untreated? Rhabdomyolysis
What labs are elevated and decreased in a patient with rhabdomyolysis? Phos, K+, Cr, BUN increased. Ca+ decreased.
Created by: KimeleS
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