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Gilded Age
A period after the civil war
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Standard Oil Company | American oil producing, transporting, refining, marketing company, and monopoly. Created by John Rockefeller in 1870. |
| Monopoly | When only one entity exists to supply a certain commodity. |
| Trust | An organizational structure that gives control over several business firms, usually in the same industry, to a single board of trustees with the purpose of monopolizing a market. |
| Social Darwinism | The theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals. |
| Nativism | The policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants. |
| Old Immigration | Arrived in the mid 1800s, coming mostly from northwestern Europe, while the new immigrants arrived a generation later, traveling mostly from southeastern Europe. |
| New Immigration | Arrived in the late 1800s, most are Russian, Irish,or Romania |
| Labor Unions | An organized association of workers, often in a trade or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests. |
| Haymarket | On May 4, 1886, a labor protest rally near Chicago’s Haymarket Square turned into a riot after someone threw a bomb at police. |
| Ellis Island | Ellis Island is located in the upper bay just off the New Jersey coast, within the shadow of the Statue of Liberty. Where immigrants get dropped off |
| Statue of Liberty | The Statue of Liberty is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor in New York, in the United States. |
| Tenements | Tenements were low-rise apartment buildings that often were overcrowded and had inadequate plumbing and ventilation. |
| Cholera | A bacterial disease causing severe diarrhea and dehydration, usually spread in water. |
| Political Machines | A political machine is a political group in which an authoritative boss or small group commands the support of a corps of supporters and businesses, who receive rewards for their efforts. |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | This directive banned the immigration of all Chinese peoples into the United States and called for a one-year prison sentence and $500 fine for any person attempting to smuggle Chinese laborers into the country. |
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