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Y9 Matter/Separating

definitions for matter topic part 2

TermDefinition
Chromatography A technique used to separate small amounts of soluble substances in a mixture.
Chemical General name for the ‘stuff’ that makes up all materials
Chemical change Permanent changes where new substances are formed
Chemical properties Characteristics of a substance that relate to how a substance reacts with other substances
Compound Substance formed by joining atoms of different elements together
Crystallization The method by which crystals are formed, when the solute comes out of a saturated solution.
Dissolve When two or more substances mix completely. Element Substances made up from atoms all of the same type e.g. gold, carbon, oxygen
Evaporation Change of state from liquid to gas; it can be used to separate a solute from a solvent.
Filtering A way of separating a solid from a liquid using a filter.
Insoluble Will not dissolve in a particular solvent
Mixture Consists of two or more substances that are not chemically joined together; usually easily separated.
Molecule group of two or more non-metal atoms joined together by chemical bonds
physical change A change that only involves a substance changing its state, no new substance is formed
Physical properties Characteristics of a substance, such as colour, melting point, electrical conductivity
Pure Substances A substance made up of single particles, not mixed with anything else
Saturated solution Solution containing as much of a dissolved substance as is possible at a particular temperature
Separation Using physical properties of substances found in a mixture to get back the individual substances.
Solubility A measure of how much substance dissolved in (eg.) each 100g of solvent.
Soluble Able to dissolve in a liquid
Solute Substance that dissolves in a solvent to form a solution
Solution The mixture that is formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent.
Solvent Substance that can dissolve other substances in it; water is the commonest solvent
decanting separating a liquid from a solid using a rod or lid. This keeps the solid behind and allows the liquid to drain through.
centrifuging separating a solid from a liquid using a spinning motion, so the solid falls to the bottom and the liquid can be decanted off.
distillation separating different liquids based on their different boiling points, and then condensing them to collect the liquid.
sieving separating a bigger solid from another smaller solid using different sized holes.
Created by: kjsime
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