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Civil War Vocab

TermDefinition
Sectionalism Loyal to one region or section of the country, rather than the country as a whole.
Fugitive A person who has escaped a place or is in hiding, especially to avoid arrest or persecution. (Runaway, fugitive slave, deserter)
Secede To withdraw formally from membership of a federal union, an alliance, political or religious organization. (The south seceded from the north)
Abstain To formally decline to vote either for or against a proposal or motion. (Or to restrain oneself from doing or enjoying something.)
Popular Sovereignty A doctrine in political theory that government is created by and subject to the will of the people.
Arsenal An establishment for the manufacture or storage of arms and military equipment. (Like Fort Sumter)
Secession In Civil War context: The withdrawal of eleven southern states from the United States Union in 1860, which lead to the Civil War.
States Rights The rights and powers held by individual US states rather than by the federal government.
Border State Any slave states that bordered the Northern free states during the Civil War. (Also US states that borders Canada or Mexico.)
Blockade Isolation by a warring nation of an enemy area (such as a harbor) by troops or warships preventing the passage of people or supplies. Designed to obstruct the commerce and communications of an unfriendly nation.
Offensive A military operation that seeks through aggressive projection of armed forces to occupy territory, or achieve some larger goal. It is a form of invasion or attack.
Rebel A person/ group that refuses an allegiance to, resists, or rises against another person/ group (normally against a government or ruler.) It was what northerners called southern states that seceded.
Yankee Name for northerners that were called Yankees by the south. Originally used by British to describe American colonists.
Blockade Runner A ship or person who runs through a blockade. In the Civil War these were steamer ships that were used to get through the Unions blockade.
Ironclad A steam propelled war ship that was protected by iron and steel plates.
Casualty A person who is lost to a military unit by dying of wounds or diseases, having wounds/ being injured but not mortally. Disease was a large casualty in the Civil War.
Emancipate The freeing of enslaved people. The emancipation proclamation was issued by Pres. Lincoln and freed the slaves.
Ratify To sign or give formal consent to make something officially valid. This was done to pass the 13th Amendment.
Habeas Corpus The right to be able to see a public official in court within 24 hours. This was suspended in the Merryman case.
Draft The Enrollment Act that was passed by Congress to provide more manpower to the army. It required anyone who was 20-45 that was called to fight in the war to fight.
Bounty A sum payed for capturing a person. This was used against men who fought the draft and let someone else fight in their place.
Greenback Paper currency that was printed with green on the backside. They were issued in 1861-1865 in two forms; Demand notes (1861-62) and US notes (1862-61).
Inflation During the Civil War, the economy fell, and lack of certain goods caused prices to increase. Economic inflation was a big problem in the north during the Civil War.
Entrenched To place in a position of strength, to establish firmly or solidly. This is for defensive purposes.
Total War War unrestricted in weapons use, territory or combatants involved, objects pursued, especially ones in which the laws of war are disregarded. The Civil War was a total war.
Created by: PrimPotter394
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