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Enterobacteriaceae 1

Opportunistic Pathogen Information

PathogenCharacteristicsCommon Infections or Species
Klebsiella - K. oxytoca, K. ozaenae, K. rhinoscleromatis, & K.granulomatis Less virilent, occasinal nosocomial infection K. ozaenae, & K. rhinoscleromatis - associated w chronic inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract K.granulomatis - causitive agent of granuloma inguinale
Serratia species Causes a wide variety of nosocomial infections; common in heroin addicts - causes endocarditis & osteomyelitis S. marcescens - red pigmented colonies; S. liquifaciens (not red colonies)
Enterobacter species Associated w nosocomial infections; normal inhabitant of GI tract E. aerogenes, E. cloacae, E. agglomerans (now called Pantoea agglomerans - caused by penetrating trauma by vegetative material & catheter-related bacteremia)
Proteus species Highly motile, "swarming" behavior" on media; produce urease, making urine alkaline Associated w nosocomial infections, Very common cause UTI, kidney stones; P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris
Morganella & Providencia Similar to Proteus species, but do not swarm on plate P. stuartii, P. retgeri, M. morganii
Citrobacter species Rarely cause infections in healthy people, can cause infections involving liver & blood, enterotoxin - lipopolysaccharide outer membrane endotoxin Severe respiratory & UT nosocomial infections, Sepsis Syndrome - can cause DIC; MCS - C. freundii
Edwardsiella species Causes a Salmonella-like enterocolitis E. tarda is most common species
Hafnia species Found in drinking water, fish farm water, & fish intestines; may be signifigant in infants & young children infrequently causes GI desease in humans; H. alvei - only species in genus
Klebsiella Species Nosocomial infections; transmitted via aerosol droplets person to person; heat-stable enterotoxin (gelatinous capsule), Resistance plasmids - produce antibiotic resistance K. pneumoniae - Pneumonia, UTIs, Bronchitis, Surgical wound infections
Created by: nbechen3
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