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Enterobacteriaceae 1
Opportunistic Pathogen Information
Pathogen | Characteristics | Common Infections or Species |
---|---|---|
Klebsiella - K. oxytoca, K. ozaenae, K. rhinoscleromatis, & K.granulomatis | Less virilent, occasinal nosocomial infection | K. ozaenae, & K. rhinoscleromatis - associated w chronic inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract K.granulomatis - causitive agent of granuloma inguinale |
Serratia species | Causes a wide variety of nosocomial infections; common in heroin addicts - causes endocarditis & osteomyelitis | S. marcescens - red pigmented colonies; S. liquifaciens (not red colonies) |
Enterobacter species | Associated w nosocomial infections; normal inhabitant of GI tract | E. aerogenes, E. cloacae, E. agglomerans (now called Pantoea agglomerans - caused by penetrating trauma by vegetative material & catheter-related bacteremia) |
Proteus species | Highly motile, "swarming" behavior" on media; produce urease, making urine alkaline | Associated w nosocomial infections, Very common cause UTI, kidney stones; P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris |
Morganella & Providencia | Similar to Proteus species, but do not swarm on plate | P. stuartii, P. retgeri, M. morganii |
Citrobacter species | Rarely cause infections in healthy people, can cause infections involving liver & blood, enterotoxin - lipopolysaccharide outer membrane endotoxin | Severe respiratory & UT nosocomial infections, Sepsis Syndrome - can cause DIC; MCS - C. freundii |
Edwardsiella species | Causes a Salmonella-like enterocolitis | E. tarda is most common species |
Hafnia species | Found in drinking water, fish farm water, & fish intestines; may be signifigant in infants & young children | infrequently causes GI desease in humans; H. alvei - only species in genus |
Klebsiella Species | Nosocomial infections; transmitted via aerosol droplets person to person; heat-stable enterotoxin (gelatinous capsule), Resistance plasmids - produce antibiotic resistance | K. pneumoniae - Pneumonia, UTIs, Bronchitis, Surgical wound infections |