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RESP 220 review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Inflammation and swelling of the epiglottis | epiglotitis |
| Why is epiglottitus life threatening? | Because edema in this area can obstruct the airway and occlude the trachea within minutes. |
| What is the most common offending organism of epiglottitis? | haemophilus influenzae |
| When is onset for epiglottitis? | sudden |
| Which vaccine has decreased incidence of epiglottitus? | Hib |
| What can epiglottitus be caused by? | streptococcus and staphylococcus |
| What are signs and symptoms of epiglottitus? | child awaken with sudden onset of high fever extremely sore throat, pain on swallowing, 3 D's dysphonia (muffled voice), Dysphagia, Drooling, child is anxious, sits in tripod position, edematous, cherry-red epiglottis, |
| For epiglottitus, what should the nurse assess? | respiratory distress, decreased respiratory effort, changes in status, sitting position |
| With a child that has Epiglottitus what should the nurse remember? | never leave child unattended, have endotracheal and trachetomy equipment readily available, child is usually intubated 24 hours, Maintain NPO, IV fluids for hydration, Meds- antibotics for bacterial infection, corticosteroids to decrease edema, antipyreti |
| What meds are used for epiglottitus? | antibotics for bacterial infection, corticosteriods to decrease edema, antipyretics |
| CF is what kind of disease? | autosomal recessive disease |
| What test are used to diagnose CF? | sweat test, stool for fat, chest x-ray |
| What does the history of a CF pt. usually reveal? | frequent bouts of respiratory infections |
| What are the respiratory symptoms of CF? | cough, sputum thick, dyspnea, digital clubbing, hypoxia, slow growth curve, bulky froathy foul smelling stools (steatorrhea), protuberant abdomen, thin extremities |
| During nursing assessment of a CF pt. the nurse should monitor for? | retractions, dyspnea, cyanosis, color of sputum, quality of cough, clubbing, ausculate breath sounds, plot height and weight |
| What is the Nutrition thearapy for CF? | high calories, high protein, snacks, predigested formula (pregestimil, nutramigen), admin. pancreatic enzymes, fat souluable vitamins, determine food preferences, daily weight |
| What are the medications used for CF? | antibotics, pancreatic enzymes, vitamin supplementation, mycolytics, bronchiodilators |
| What is clinical thearypy for CF? | chest percussion and postural drainage, avoid exposure to resp. infections, report fever increased cough, change in sputum, promote lung expansion with physical activity, genetic counseling |
| CF affects the functioning of what? | endocrine glands |
| What may be the first indicator of CF? | meconium ileus |
| What may be as effective as chest physiothearpy in relieving pulmonary obstruction in CF | aerobic exercise |
| What results from increased pulmonary resistence?CF | cor pulmonale |
| A child with CF requires extra ____ and _____ when the weather is hot | salt and fluids |
| Resp. shorter distance between structures in | young children |
| Luman of young childs respiratory tract is ______ thus more easily obstructed | smaller |
| Diameter of the trachea is approximately the size of the child's what? | fifth finger |
| Eustachian tubes are shorter and more what? | horizontal |
| Neonates are what kind of breathers? | obligate nose-breathers |
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