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HIV
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mechanism of Action of HIV | Enters bloodstream Gets inside CD4+ T-cell From there infects more CD4+ T-cells |
| How are the stages of HIV defined? | Based on decreasing CD4+ T-cell count and presence of AIDS defining illness |
| Stage 0 | First positive HIV test within 6 moths after a negative HIV test (Patients status does not change until 6 months after the stage 0 designation) |
| Stage 1 | CD4+ T-cell count >500 No AIDS defining illness |
| Stage 2 | CD4+ T-cell count 200-499 No AIDS defining illness |
| Stage 3 | CD4+ T-cell count <200 or Has an AIDS defining illness |
| Stage Unknown | Patient with confirmed HIV infection but no information regarding CD4+ T-cell counts or AIDS defining illness |
| Where has HIV been found? | Blood, Semen, Vaginal Secretions, Breast Milk, Amnionic Fluid, Urine, Feces, Saliva, Tears, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Lymph nodes, Cervical cells, Corneal tissue, Brain tissue Highest concetration in Semen and Blood |
| What are the 3 most frequent means of transmition? | Sexual exposure of mucous membranes Parenteral Perinatal |
| Most common group for AIDS occurance | Men with same sex partners followed by IV drug users |
| Common Opportunistic Infections | PCP Pneumocusits Pneumonia - Respiratory failure Candidiasis Cytomeglo virus - Blindness, colitis, diarrhea Cryptosporidosis - Severe diarrhea (20 L/Day)?? |
| AIDS Dementia Complex | *Degeneration of the brain, especially areas that affect mood cognition and motor functions *Improvement of symptoms after starting HAART - cART |
| Symptoms at initial infection | Fever Swollen Lymph nodes, Rash, Malaise, Headach, N/V/D |
| Assessment | Flu-like symptoms High Risk behaviors Opportunistic Infections ELISA and Western Blot T4 cell count |
| Nursing Managment | Teaching high risk populations Encourage testing Medication teaching Medication Schedule Support Groups S/Sx to watch for and report High protein, high calorie, nutritionally dense diet, frequent meals |
| cART/HAART | Combine Antiretroviral Therapy/Highly Avtive Antiretroviral Therapy 4+ meds to treat HIV taken together Targets multiple mechanisms Lowers viral load more quickly Reduces viral mutation Reduces chance of drug resistance Increases healthy T-cell |
| If exposed by needle stick or other route what steps should be taken? | Wash Immediately Report Immediately Be seen in the ER immediately Postexposure prophylaxis for 28 days |
Created by:
Jennwyo83
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