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Buss. Environment 14
Business Environment Chapter 14
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Absolute liability | A view of liability in which a manufacturer is strictly liable for damages caused by a product even if it had no way of knowing that a product might cause a problem later |
Caveat emptor | let the buyer beware |
Caveat vendor or caveat venditor | let the seller beware -- forces seller to take responsibility for products |
Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) | An independent regulatory agency created by the Consumer Product Safety Act of 1972 that works to reduce the risk of injuries or deaths from consumer products by developing and enforcing standards |
Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 | The most recent law given to the CPSC for enforcement |
Consumer stakeholder satisfaction model | A model describing how product and service quality and safety lead to consumer satisfaction and consequent increase in profitability and reputation |
Contractual theory | An ethical theory of product quality that concerns the contractual agreement between a firm and a customer |
Delayed manifestation cases | Situations in which delayed reactions to products appear years later after consumption of or exposure to the product |
Doctrine of strict liability | A doctrine holding that anyone involved in the design |
Due care theory | An ethical theory of product quality that focuses on the relative vulnerability of the customer |
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) | A regulatory agency created by the Food and Drugs Act of 1906 responsible for protecting the public health through analysis |
Food Safety Modernization Act | legislation resulting in laws for preventative controls in food production |
ISO 9000 | international standards for quality management and quality assurance that have a customer focus |
Kaizen | Continuous improvement that involves all participants. |
Lean Six Sigma | emphasizes the process and reduction of waste in manufacturing |
Market share liability | A view of liability in which firms that make a defective product may be held liable in proportion to their market share of sales of the product; derived from a 1980 case involving manufacturers of a harmful drug and |
Product (products) liability | Includes the liability of any or all parties in the chain of manufacture and sale of a product and for any damage caused by that product |
Product extortion | Occurs when someone threatens to damage |
Product liability reform (or tort reform) | A movement by business groups |
Product liability risk management program | A five step program developed by companies as part of their ethical and social responsibility to create safe products |
Six Sigma | A recent development within TQM that includes a broad array of strategies |
Social costs view | An ethical theory of product quality stating that |
Total Quality Management (TQM) | A management program in which all the functions of a business are integrated around concepts of quality |