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chapter 005

chapter 5 notes

QuestionAnswer
Electromagnetic radiation A form of energy exhibiting wavelike behavior as it travels through space; can be described by wavelength, frequency, amplitude, and speed and includes visible light, microwaves, X rays, and radio waves.
wavelength The shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave; is usually expressed in meters, centimeters, or nanometers.
frequency The number of waves that pass a givin point per second.
amplitude The height of a wave from the origin to a crest, or from the origin to a trough.
quantum The minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom.
Plank's constant h, which has a value of 6.626 X 10 to the negative 34 power J*s, where J is the symbol for the joule.
electromagnetic spectrum Includes all forms of electromagnetic radiation, with the only differences in the types of radiation being their frequencies and wavelengths.
photoelectric effect A phenomenon in which photoelectrons are emitted from a metal's surface when light of a certain frequency shines on the surface.
photon A particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy.
atomic emission spectrum A set of frequencies of elctromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors.
ground state The lowest allowable energy state of an atom.
de Broglie equation Predicts that all moving particles have wave characteristics and relates each particle's wavelength to its frequency, its mass, and Plank's constant.
Heisenberg uncertainty principle States that it is not possible to know precisely both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time.
quantum mechanical model of an atom An atomic model in which electrons are treated as waves; also called the wave mechanical model of the atom.
atomic orbital A three-deminsional region around the nucleus of an atom that describes an electrons probable location.
principal quantum number n, which the quantum mechanical model assigns to indicate the relative sizes and energies of atomic orbitals.
principal energy level The major energy levels of an atom.
energy sublevel The energy levels contained within a principle energy level.
Created by: haley2011
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