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Knowing
Bloom's Taxonomy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Software piracy | Software piracy is the illegal copying and use of software. This occurs when the intellectual property rights of the developer/author are infringed. |
| Software piracy | For example, Andy pays for and downloads a game but then copies & gives it to William, it would be considered software piracy. Software piracy can occur when an individual illegally installs software on his or her own machine. |
| Software piracy | On a grander scale, software piracy can occur when unscrupulous businesses distribute copies of copyrighted software for financial gain. |
| Intellectual property | Intellectual property is property resulting from mental labour. Therefore intellectual property is created by all types of authors, including software developers. |
| Intellectual property | An author is the original creator of a work, and hence they own the right to control how the work is sold and distributed. The concept of intellectual property is designed to give a creator ownership of the result of that creative process. |
| Intellectual property | For example, Andy thinks of a great idea to implement in his game that is unique and has never done before. This idea is Andy’s intellectual property and is now referred to as the “author” / owner. |
| Plagiarism | Plagiarism is appropriating or imitating another’s ideas and manner of expressing them and claiming them as your own. When somebody passes off someone else’s creation as his or her own, they are plagiarising that person’s work. |
| Plagiarism | For example, Andy gives his homework to Alex for reference. However Alex maliciously copies his work and pastes it into his own claiming it to be his own. This is considered plagiarism. |
| Shareware | Shareware is covered by copyright. As with commercial software, you are acquiring a licence to use the product; you do not own it. Purchasers are allowed to make and distribute copies of the software. |
| Shareware | Once you have tested the software and decided to use it, you must pay for it. In general, shareware licences state: 1. The software is covered by copyright. 2. Copies can be made for archival or distribution purposes. |
| Shareware | 3. Modifications to the software are not permitted. 4. Reverse engineering and decompilation are not allowed. 5. Use of the work as part of another package is not allowed without permission. |
| Freeware | Free software, a somewhat newer and unrelated concept, is software that can be freely used, modified, and redistributed. Because it may be copyrighted, you may or may not be able to reuse it in programming you are developing. |
| Freeware | For example, Andy downloads a game to implement in the upcoming STEM challenge. He then gives it to William who then further refurbishes the game. Depending on the licensing agreement, this may or may not be allowed. |
| Public Domain Software | Software becomes public domain when the copyrights holder explicitly relinquishes all rights to the software. Software in the public domain must be clearly marked as such. |
| Public Domain Software | Just because a product does not bear a copyright symbol does not mean that it is not covered by copyright. |
| Public Domain Software | 1. Copyright has been relinquished. 2. Copies can be made with no restrictions. 3. Modifications to the software are allowable. 4. Decompilation is allowed. 5. Developing new works based on the product is allowed without restriction. |
| Copyright Law | Copyright laws are in place to safeguard the legal intellectual property rights of authors of any original works. The purpose of these copyright laws is to provide economic incentives for creative activity |
| Copyright Law | Hence promoting the progress of creative endeavor. Copyright protects the expression of ideas rather than the ideas themselves. As the word copyright implies, the copyright laws give the owner the sole right to reproduce the work. |
| Copyright Law | For example, William desperately needs an idea for his STEM game but can not think of one. He then ends up copying the whole game & logo and claims that it is his own work. This is infringing copyright laws. |
| Reverse Engineering | Reverse engineer – In terms of software, this usually means the process of decompiling the product. Most agreements do not allow licenses to reverse engineer their products. This protects the intellectual property rights of the software developer. |
| Decompilation | The opposite of compilation. Translating machine executable code into a higher-level code (usually assembler). This allows the program’s design to be more easily understood. |
| Decompilation | Decompilation is a type of reverse engineering that does the opposite of what a compiler does. The tool that accomplishes this is called a decompiler. |
| Network use | The licence will state how the software may be used on a network. The term network refers to a number of connected computers. A network licence may be purchased for a particular number of users or it may apply to a site. |
| Network use | Licensing of network software also includes the network and computer operating systems. When updating network software, again administrators must ensure that sufficient licences have been purchased to cover the use of the software. |
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