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Men’s Health Drugs
Men's Health Drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Androgens Testosterone: | Responsible for normal development and maintenance of the primary and secondary male sex characteristics. Development of bone and muscle tissue. Inhibition of protein catabolism (metabolic breakdown). Retention of various electrolytes. |
| Androgens (cont’d) | Several synthetic derivatives of testosterone. Long-term dosage forms can last from 2 to 3 days to 2 to 4 weeks. Oral forms have a high first-pass effect. Transdermal forms available: Patches and gel |
| Androgens (cont’d) Anabolic steroids: | Anabolic activity: synthesis of tissue and increasing tissue formation. Schedule III, great potential for misuse by athletes. oxymetholone stanozolol oxandrolone nandrolone |
| Androgens: Mechanism of Action | Effects are similar to the body’s endogenous androgens.Stimulation of normal growth&development of the male sex organs.Development&maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics. |
| Androgens: Mechanism of Action Cont'd | Stimulate increased synthesis of body proteins, aiding in the formation of muscular and skeletal proteins. |
| Androgen Inhibitors | 5-α-reductase inhibitors α1-adrenergic blockers Androgen receptor blockers Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gn-RH) analogs |
| Androgen Inhibitors (cont’d) | 5-α-reductase inhibitors: finasteride and dutasteride. Block the effects of endogenous androgens. Used to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Results in alleviation of symptoms of BPH. Easier passage of urine. |
| Androgen Inhibitors (cont’d) | May also be used for treatment of male-pattern baldness. |
| α1-Adrenergic Blockers | Used for symptomatic relief of obstruction due to BPH: doxazosin (Cardura) tamsulosin (Flomax) terazosin (Hytrin) |
| Androgen Receptor Blockers | Block the activity of androgen hormones at the target tissue (prostate) receptors. flutamide nilutamide bicalutamide |
| Gn-RH Analogs | Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs. Used to treat prostate cancer. goserelin leuprolide triptorelin |
| Drugs to Treat Erectile Dysfunction | sildenafil (Viagra) First oral drug for treatment of Erectile Dysfunction. vardenafil (Levitra) tadalafil (Cialis) |
| Men’s Health Drugs: Indications | Primary use: replacement therapy Other uses vary with the specific drug |
| Men’s Health Drugs: Adverse Effects | Androgens cause fluid retention. Anabolic steroids: Peliosis of the liver, other severe hepatic effects. Many other effects. |
| Men’s Health Drugs: Adverse Effects (cont’d) | 5-α-reductase inhibitors: Loss of libido, loss of erection, ejaculatory dysfunction, other effects |
| Men’s Health Drugs: Adverse Effects (cont’d) | Minoxidil: Oral form: tachycardia, dizziness, angina, severe fluid retention. Topical form: same but less severe adverse effects, local irritation, itching, dryness, redness. |
| Men’s Health Drugs: Adverse Effects (cont’d) | Drugs for erectile dysfunction: Headache, flushing, dyspepsia, nasal congestion, chest pain hyper/hypotension. Priapism, unexplained visual loss. In men with preexisting cardiovascular disease, especially those taking nitrates. Lower BP substantially. |
| Men’s Health Drugs: Adverse Effects (cont’d) | Drugs for erectile dysfunction:May cause serious adverse effects |
| Nursing Implications | Assessment should include complete history, including medication history, urinary elimination problems, potential contraindications . Obtain baseline vital signs, weight, height, serum electrolyte levels. |
| Nursing Implications (cont’d) | Assess renal and liver function. Assess PSA level before beginning any drugs for treatment of prostate disease. Assess current medications for potential interactions. |
| Nursing Implications (cont’d) | IM testosterone should be given deeply - choose landmarks carefully. Follow exact instructions for SL, buccal, and PO forms. Transdermal Testoderm patches are applied to the scrotal skin. |
| Nursing Implications (cont’d) | Transdermal Androderm patches are applied to the skin on the body, never to scrotal skin. |
| Nursing Implications (cont’d) | Pregnant women should not handle crushed or broken finasteride tablets. Educate patient on proper administration techniques for each drug. Monitor for therapeutic responses. Monitor for adverse effects. |
Created by:
LauraHall
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