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MRMS 7th Earth Sci

Earth Science review for test

TermDefinition
What is a hot spot volcano? area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it. The Hawaiian Islands are formed by a hot spot volcano.
What are pieces of evidence for plate tectonics? fossils and similar rock formations on different continents, continents fit together like a puzzle, sea floor spreading, mid-ocean ridges, magnetic stripes in the ocean floor, core samples, earthquakes, volcanoes,
Why didn't scientists support Wegener's theory of continental drift? he couldn't explain the forces that push and pull the continents, didn't know the mechanism of convection currents
What is subduction? process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath the ocean floor.
What is conduction? direct transfer of heat through solid materials
What is sea-floor spreading? process that continually adds new crust to the ocean floor.
In a convection current, which material rises to surface? The warmer, less dense material rises.
What erupts from the valley of a mid-ocean ridge? Molten material, lava, magma
Which seismic waves would reach a recording station first? P waves
What type of fault is the San Andreas Fault? strike slip, it is along a transform plate boundary, it is caused by a shearing stress
Describe the movement of a compression stress. it pushes together
What type of plate boundary is caused by compression stress? Convergent, plates pushing together.
Which type of stress pulls crust apart? tension
Name the layers of the earth from the outside to inside. crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
Which type of seismic wave cannot move through fluid? S waves
What are the crust and upper mantle called? lithosphere
How were the Himalayan mountains formed? collision of two continental crusts
What is the differences between the focus and the epicenter of an earthquake? The focus is in the crust where the break occurs. The epicenter is directly above the focus on the surface of the crust.
Describe convection. Heat transferred by the movement of a heated fluid.
Name the boundary where two plates pull apart from one another. divergent.
Which type of plate boundary occurs where two plates collide into each other? convergent
Created by: caron.kosters
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