Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
BIO161 - Reproductiv
Reproductive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the primary sexual organ in the male? in the female? | testis, ovary |
| What is function of the urethra in the male? in the female? | the urethera is used in both reproduction & urination in the male (and accordingly is long); for urination only in the female (and accordingly is short) |
| What are the components of the male urethra? | prostatic urethra, membranos urethra, penile urethra |
| Where are the testes located? | in the scrotum |
| What are the layers of the testes? | outer - tunica vaginalis; inner - tunica albuginea |
| Do the testes share a blood supply? | no - they are separated by a septum |
| What is the cremester reflex? | when the air temperature outside is much lower than body temperature, the testes are pulled up into the abdominal cavity and vice versa; the cremaster muscle causes this reflex |
| What is the normal temperature of the testes? | the testes are 3 degrees C cooler than the rest of the body (37 degrees C is normal body temperature) |
| Map the duct system of the male internal genital organs: | seminiferous tubules -> tubulus rectus -> rete testus -> epididymis -> vas deferens; (if not released, consumed by macrophages) |
| Where is sperm synthesized? | in the seminiferous tubules |
| How long does it take for sperm to mature? | 21 days |
| When is sperm released from the epididymis? to where? | at ejaculation to the vas deferens |
| What are the components of the spermatic cord? | vas deferens, VAN, lymphatics |
| Where does the spermatic cord enter the abdomen? | thru the inguinal ring |
| What is the ejaculatory duct? | the joining of the seminal vesicle & the vas deferens |
| What is the function of the seminal vesicle? | produces seminal fluid (makes up 60% of semen |
| What is semen composed of? | seminal fluid (from the seminal vesicle), prostatic fluid (from the prostate gland), mucus (from the blubourethral gland), and sperm |
| Where do the ejaculatory ducts join together? | with the prostatic urethra |
| What is the pH of semen? | it is alkaline, although the prostatic fluid component is slightly acidic |
| Where is the prosatic urethra located? | at the base of the bladder; it is surround by the prostate gland |
| What is the purpose of prostatic fluid? | it provides nutrients for the sperm and provides area for the sperm to swim; it is slightly acidic |
| What is the purpose of the bulbourethral? where is it located? | it adds a mucus secretion to the semen; it is located at the base of the prostate |
| How does semen move to the outside of the body? | through the urethra |
| What is the function of the penis? | it is the male organ for copulation |
| What are the 2 erectile structures in the shaft of penis? | corpus carvenosum (2) and the corpus spongiosum (located in the middle, surrounding the urethra) |
| What structures are located at the end of the penis? | the glans penis which is surrounded by the prepuce (foreskin) |
| What are the female external genital organs (EGO) called collectively? What are the components? | collectively - the vulva; mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vestibule, hymer, perineum, greater vestibular glands |
| What is the mons pubis? | a fat pad |
| What is the labia majora? | a skinfold that extends from the anterior vulva to the posterior bilaterally |
| Where is the labia minora located? What is contained within it? | the labia minora is enclosed within the labia majora; at the anterior end of the labia minor is the clitoris |
| Where is erectile tissue found in the female? | in the clitoris - it contains corpus spongiousum tissue |
| What is the space between the labia minora called? | the vestibule |
| What orifices are found within the vestibule? | anteriorly is the urethral orifice; posteriorly is the vaginal orifice |
| What covers the vaginal orifice in virgins? | fibrous tissue called the hymen |
| What is the area between the vagina and anus called? | the perineum |
| What is the GVG? | greater vestibular glands - located in the posterior aspect of the vagina; they secrete mucus-like material (as a lubricant) |
| What are the internal genital organs (IGO)? | ovary, fallopian tubes, uterus, cerevis, and vagina |
| What is the purpose of the ovaries? | to produce gametes (eggs or ovum) |
| What are the components of the fallopian tubes? | ampulla, infundibulum isthmus, and fimbriae |
| What happens to the mature ovum when it is released by the ovaries? | it is released into the peritoneal cavities, directed by the fimbriae into the ampulla |
| Where does fertilization take place? | in the ampulla |
| What are the 3 layers of the uterus? (from outer to inner) | perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium; the endometrium has 2 layers: top is the stratum functionalis which is shed during menstruation; bottom is stratum basalis which replaces the lost runctionalis layer |
| Where is the uterine fundus located? | on top |
| Where does the zygote implant? | in the posterior part of the fundus |
| What are the components of the uterus? | fundus (on top), body, and cervix |
| What are the internal os and the external os? | the internal os of the cervis opens into the uterus; the external os of the cervix opens into the vagina |
| What is the mucus plug? | contained within the cervix; thins out mid-cycle to allow sperm through |
| What is the function of the vagina? | it is a muscular tube and is the female organ for copulation |
| How are internal genital organs kept in place? | by ligaments: broad, ovarian, and round |
| What is pelvic relaxation? | when the ligaments holding the genital organs in place loosens; can result in stress incontinence and uterine prolapse |
| What are the 6 homologous genital structures in the female and male? | ovary/testes, clitoris/midventral penis, greater vestibular glands/bulbourethral glands, labia majora/scrotum, labia minora/body of penis, vestibule/perineal raphe |
| What are the 3 phases in the menstrual cycle? | menstrual, proliferative, secretory |
| What are the stages of development of the oocyte? | primordial follicle, primary follicle, secondary follicle, Graafian follicle (most mature) |
| What causes the oocyte/follicle to mature? | estrogen |
| When does the oocyte develop? | during the proliferative phase |
| What induces the ovaries to produces estrogen? | FSH - follicle-stimulating hormone |
| What happens during ovulation? When does this happen? | Ovulation occurs on day 14; the Graafian follicle ruptures and release the ovum into the peritoneal cavity |
| What is the life span of the ovum? of sperm? | the ovum lives approximately 24 hrs; sperm live approximately 72 hours |
| What happens to the follicle after ovulation? | the empty follicle becomes the corpus luteum |
Created by:
debmurph