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Bio EOC #4 Animal
Animal Systems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Small intestine | absorbs most of the nutrients that are consumed |
| Large intestine | absorbs water from waste |
| Plasma | Yellowish fluid that makes up part of the blood and transports nutrients and hormones throughout the body |
| Esophagus | Tube that connects the throat to the stomach |
| Liver | Large dark organ secretes bile (enzyme important in fat digestion) into the intestines, detoxifies chemicals and breaks down drugs |
| Pancreas | Spongy organ behind the stomach that produces enzymes important for digestion of biomolecules and produces insulin (enzyme critical to cellular use of sugar) |
| Endocrine system | System of glands and hormones within an organism which work together for the purpose of chemical regulation |
| Gland | Organ responsible for production of hormones; part of endocrine system |
| Stimulus | Something that leads to a reaction or response |
| Response | The reaction to a stimulus |
| Negative Feedback Loop | Results in the counteraction (opposite action) of the stimulus |
| Positive Feedback Loop | Results in the increase of the stimulus |
| Urinary System | System that helps maintain homeostasis by removing waste |
| Nervous System | System made of brain and neurons for the purpose of electrochemical regulation |
| Homeostasis | Condition of balance and equilibrium |
| Lymphatic System | System that helps maintain homeostasis through removal of waste from tissue and aiding immune system |
| Kidney | Major organ of the urinary system responsible for removing liquid waste from the body |
| Neuron | Cell responsible for sending electrochemical signals |
| Reproductive System | System of sex organs within an organism which work together for the purpose of sexual reproduction |
| Pregnancy | Gestation; period from conception/ fertilization to birth |
| Gonads | Organ that produce sex cells; testis or ovary |
| Hormone | Regulatory chemical that is produced in glands of the endocrine system |
| Ovum | Female sex cell; egg |
| Sperm | Male sex cell |
| White Blood Cell | cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders; made in bone marrow |
| T-cell | type of white blood cell that actively participates in immune response; made in thymus |
| B-cell | type of white blood cell that produces antibodies that recognizes specific antigens |
| Antigen | toxin or other foreign substance that induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of antibodies |
| Antibody | Y-shaped protein produced mainly by plasma cells that is used by the immune system to identify and neutralize pathogens such as bacteria and viruses, especially antigens |
| Inflammatory Response | occurs when tissues are injured by bacteria, trauma, toxins, heat, or any other cause; damaged cells release chemicals; chemicals cause blood vessels to leak fluid into the tissues, causing swelling |
Created by:
NEISDSci
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