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2AX5X Vol.2 SelfTest
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| (201. Flight physics)1. What instrument measures the weight of air? | Mercurial barometer |
| (201. Flight physics)2. What is the standard atmospheric pressure at sea level measured in inches of mercury? In psi? | 29.92 inches of mercury; 14.7 psi |
| (201. Flight physics)3. What are the two temperature scales that are commonly used? | Fahrenheit and Celsius |
| (201. Flight physics)4. If two aircraft are flying with the same horsepower but at different altitudes, why does the aircraft flying at a higher altitude fly faster than the aircraft flying at a lower altitude? | Because at the higher altitude, the air is less dense therefore causing less drag on the aircraft |
| (202. Airfoils and aerodynamics)1. What is the term for the curve of the surface of an airfoil from the leading edge to the trailing edge? | Camber |
| (202. Airfoils and aerodynamics)2. What aerodynamic forces affect aircraft in flight? | Lift, weight, thrust, and drag |
| (202. Airfoils and aerodynamics)3. How does drag act in relation to relative wind? | Parallel |
| (202. Airfoils and aerodynamics)4. Define AOA | The angle between the mean chord line of an airfoil and the aircraft flight path |
| (203. Airframe structure)1. How are airframe components joined? | By rivets, bolts, screws, welds, or adhesives. |
| (203. Airframe structure)2. What are the five stresses to which airframes are subjected? | Tension, compression, torsion, shear, and bending. |
| (203. Airframe structure)3. Which fuselage design does not use formers, frame assemblies, or bulkheads to give shape to the fuselage? | The monocoque design. |
| (203. Airframe structure)4. What internal wing components serve as an attachment point for the skin? | The ribs and stringers |
| (203. Airframe structure)5. What type of material is usually used for construction of flight control surfaces? | Aluminum alloy. |
| (203. Airframe structure)6. What is used to round out the angle formed between the fixed tail surfaces and the fuselage? | Fairing |
| (203. Airframe structure)7. What structural unit provides a smooth airflow around and into the engine inlet? | Engine nacelles |
| (203. Airframe structure)8. What component controls airflow around the weapons to reduce turbulence in the bay on some bomber aircraft? | Bay spoilers or air spoilers |
| (203. Airframe structure)9. How do doors differ from panels? | Doors are hinged |
| (203. Airframe structure)10. Most transparent structures on an aircraft, such as canopies, windshields, and windows, are made of what two materials? | Transparent plastics or safety glass. |
| (203. Airframe structure)11. How do paint removers and stripping compounds affect the plastic facings of a radome? | It may adversely affect its electrical properties or strength |
| (203. Airframe structure)12. How are fuselage station numbers measured? | In inches from the reference datum or zero point on or near the aircraft nose |
| (204. Understanding flight controls)1. What are the three axes that an aircraft operates around? | Longitudinal, lateral, and vertical. |
| (204. Understanding flight controls)2. What are the lateral control surfaces of the aircraft? | Ailerons, spoilers/speed brakes, and wing flaps. |
| (204. Understanding flight controls)3. What controls all directional movements of aircraft? | Primary flight controls. |
| (204. Understanding flight controls)4. What primary flight control guides the aircraft about the vertical axis? | Rudder |
| (204. Understanding flight controls)5. Which type of stabilator has both sides connected together so that when one side moves the other side must move in the same direction and amount? | Solid type |
| (204. Understanding flight controls)6. What is an elevon? | It is a combination of an aileron and an elevator. |
| (204. Understanding flight controls)7. What are five types of wing flaps? | Plain, split, fowler, slotted, and leading-edge slats or flaps. |
| (204. Understanding flight controls)8. What is the difference between leading-edge flaps and wing slats? | If the leading edge operates in conjunction with the trailing edge flaps, then you have leadingedge flaps. If they operate independently of the flaps, they are called slats. |
| (204. Understanding flight controls)9. What is the purpose of speed brakes? | Increase drag to slow the aircraft and/or reduce landing distance. |
| (204. Understanding flight controls)10. List the three types of trim systems. | Roll, pitch, and yaw. |
| (204. Understanding flight controls)11. Which type of flight control system reduces the need for long cables, turnbuckles, quick disconnects, push-pull rods, and the associated flight control hardware? | Fly-by-wire. |
| (204. Understanding flight controls)12. What are the two major parts of the AFCS? | Stab aug system and the A/P system |
| (204. Understanding flight controls)13. What system is used to make bomber aircraft stable for launching weapons? | Stab aug. |
| (204. Understanding flight controls)14. What auto pilot system mode automatically maintains aircraft speed? | Mach hold. |
| (205. Electricity fundamentals)1. Define electricity. | A class of physical phenomena arising from the existence and interactions of electric charges. |
| (205. Electricity fundamentals)2. Of what particles are atoms composed? | Neutrons, protons, and electrons. |
| (205. Electricity fundamentals)3. List four examples of insulators. | Wood, rubber, plastic, and glass. |
| (205. Electricity fundamentals)4. List four examples of conductors. | Platinum, gold, copper, and silver. |
| (205. Electricity fundamentals)5. Where do yo normally use semiconductors? | In solid-state devices. |
| (205. Electricity fundamentals)6. What is EMF? | Electromotive force: the electrical pressure that causes electrons to flow through the conductor. |
| (205. Electricity fundamentals)7. Define electrical current. | The movement of electrons through a conductor. |
| (205. Electricity fundamentals)8. What factors affect the amount of resistance in a conductor? | The type of material used, temperature, size. |
| (205. Electricity fundamentals)9. What unit of measurement is used to express electrical power? | Watts. |
| (206. Facts about magnetism)1. What is a simple definition of magnetism? | The ability of a substance to attract. |
| (206. Facts about magnetism)2. How are artificial magnets classified? | Permanent or temporary. |
| (206. Facts about magnetism)3. What is permeability? | The ease of ability to conduct magnetic lines of force. |
| (206. Facts about magnetism)4. What is residual magnetism? | The amount of magnetism that remains in a temporary magnet. |
| (206. Facts about magnetism)5. How is magnetism induced in magnetic material? | Place in a magnetic field or bring it into contact with another magnet. |
| (206. Facts about magnetism)6. Can magnetic lines of force be insulated? | No. |
| (206. Facts about magnetism)7. What are the three most commonly used shapes of magnets? | Bar, ring, and horseshoe. |
| (206. Facts about magnetism)8. How can a magnet be weakened? | Heating or excessive jarring |
| (206. Facts about magnetism)9. Define flux. | A term for magnetic lines of force. |
| (206. Facts about magnetism)10. How is electromagnetism developed? | By current of electricity. |
| (206. Facts about magnetism)11. When current flows through a conductor, does a magnetic field exist? | Yes. |
| (206. Facts about magnetism)12. What must you know to apply the “left hand rule”? | The direction of the current flow. |
| (206. Facts about magnetism)13. What rule do you use to determine the flux direction of a wire in a loop? | The left-hand rule. |
| (206. Facts about magnetism)14. How can an electromagnet’s field strength be increased? | By using a few turns of wire carrying a larger current or using many turns of wire carrying a small current. |
| (207. Circuit elements)1. What is the purpose of a conductor? | Provide a path for electrons to flow with minimum resistance. |
| (207. Circuit elements)2. Why are protective devices installed in aircraft electrical systems? | Protect against system overloads and shorts in a circuit. |
| (207. Circuit elements)3. How much time must pass before resetting a trip-free type circuit breaker? | After a cooling–off period of approximately 1 minute. |
| (207. Circuit elements)4. What is the purpose of a current limiter? | Provide protection against fault currents. |
| (207. Circuit elements)5. What is the purpose of a resistor? | Control the amount of current flow in a circuit. |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)1. Why is alternating current used as the primary electrical power source in aircraft? | Less power is lost during transmission and the elimination of insulation and brushes |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)2. What is the unit of measurement for frequency? | Hertz. |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)3. Define phase relationship. | A condition in which two moving objects are changing in, or out, of step. |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)4. What are the two classifications of AC generation systems? | Variable-frequency and constant-frequency. |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)5. What frequency is used for AC power generation on aircraft? | 400 hertz. |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)6. How is voltage induced in a brush-type generator? | DC from an integral exciter generator is passed through windings on the rotor. |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)7. What are the three generators that make up a brushless AC generator? | A permanent magnet generator, an AC exciter generator, and the main AC generator. |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)8. What weak point was eliminated by the design of a brushless-type generator? | Arcing (which more easily occurs in rarefied air). |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)9. What are the two main components of an AC generator? | Rotor assembly and stator. |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)10. What three components make up the stator? | PMG armature, exciter field, and main armature windings. |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)11. What are the two functions of the CSD governor system? | To control the drive output speed and equalize the load between generators operating in parallel |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)12. If CSD output rotation drives the generator below 365 Hz, what component removes the generator from the bus? | Underspeed switch. |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)13. If the CSD temperature rises to an overheat condition, what should be done to prevent further damage? | Disconnect the CSD. |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)14. What is installed on most IDGs to provide for easier installation and removal? | A quick attach-detach clamp. |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)15. What are the typical functions of a GCU? | Voltage regulation, frequency/load control, real/reactive load division, over/underexcitation protection, over/underfrequency prot., open phase protec., reverse power prot., differential current prot., engine underspeed prot, generator circuit breaker/bus |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)16. How is voltage regulation and current limiting accomplished in the GCU? | By varying the generator excitation field. |
| (208. Alternating current electrical system fundamentals)17. How does the frequency and load controller for each generator system regulate the frequency of the generator CSD? | By controlling the magnetic trim head governor on the CSD. |
| (209. Direct current system fundamentals)1. What are the internal components of a battery? | Plates, separators, and electrolyte. |
| (209. Direct current system fundamentals)2. What are the primary causes of premature failure of a lead-acid battery? | Abuse, overcharge, low solution, undercharge, and mountings. |
| (209. Direct current system fundamentals)3. What is the fundamental unit of the nickel-cadmium battery? | The cell. |
| (209. Direct current system fundamentals)4. How are nickel-cadmium cells constructed? | By inserting positive and negative plates in plastic cases with nylon and cellophane separators. |
| (209. Direct current system fundamentals)5. When does a nickel-cadmium battery’s electrolyte reach its maximum level? | When the battery is fully charged. |
| (209. Direct current system fundamentals)6. How are motors classified? | By voltage, current used (AC or DC), and methods of motor excitation. |
| (209. Direct current system fundamentals)7. How can the direction of rotation for a series motor be changed? | By reversing the current flow in a field winding or reversing current flow in the armature. |
| (209. Direct current system fundamentals)8. What advantage does the series motor have over other types of motors? | It operates on AC or DC excitation. |
| (209. Direct current system fundamentals)9. How is the field winding of a shunt motor connected with the armature? | In parallel. |
| (209. Direct current system fundamentals)10. What type of T-R is used to charge a nickel-cadmium battery in many aircraft? | Charging T-R |
| (209. Direct current system fundamentals)11. What is another name for a T-R? | Converter. |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)1. Define matter. | Any substance that occupies space and has weight. |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)2. Since liquids and gases have many properties in common, how are they frequently classified? | As fluids. |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)3. All matter is made up of what? | Molecules. |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)4. Which matter has the property of resisting changes in shape when a force is applied? | Solid. |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)5. When sufficient force to a solid causes distortion, the solid is said to have exceeded what? | Its elastic limit. |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)6. Which factors affect the amount of expansion and contraction of a solid? | The amount of temperature change and the expansion characteristics of the solid. |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)7. What are the most outstanding characteristics of a liquid? | Its ability to conform to the shape of its containing vessel and that it has a free surface. |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)8. For a liquid to transmit a pushing force, what condition must exist first? | It must be completely enclosed in a container. |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)9. What would cause a cylinder of air to increase in pressure when placed in the sun? | The air (gas) expands as its temperature increases, and since it is confined by the cylinder, its pressure will increase. |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)10. What is one of the main differences in the characteristics of gases when compared to liquids? | Gases are compressible while liquids are not. |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)(1)How do you measure quantity? | Volume |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)(2) The amount of force acting on a unit of area. | Pressure |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)_(3) A substance that is a liquid or a gas. | Fluid |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)_(4) The amount of distance an object moves. | Stroke |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)_(5) The measurement of a surface. | Area |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)_(6) The amount of push or pull exerted on an object | Force |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)_(7) The movement of a fluid caused by pressure difference. | Flow |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)_(8) Expressed in inches. | Stroke |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)_(9) Expressed in pounds | Force |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)_(10) Expressed in psi. | Pressure |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)_(11) Expressed in square inches. | Area |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)_(12) Expressed in cubic inches. | Volume |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)12. State the basic principle of Pascal’s Law. | When a fluid is confined and force is applied, this force (pressure) is transmitted equally to all points in the system. |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)13. Under what conditions does Pascal’s Law not apply to fluids? | Pascal’s Law does not apply to fluids in motion |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)14. State the basic principle of Boyle’s Law. | If the pressure on a confined gas varies, its volume will vary inversely in the same proportion as long as the temperature does not change. |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)15. Using Charles’s Law, explain the effect of heating a gas in a cylinder that has a movable piston | Heating a confined gas will cause an expansion (volume increase) in direct proportion to its temperature change, thus causing the piston to move. |
| (210. Facts about hydraulics)16. What is another name for the Boyle’s–Charles’s law? | General Gas Law |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(F)orce = (P)ressure x (A)rea,” solve the following problems:)1. Find P: Area = 4 square inches. | Force = 100 pounds. Pressure = _25 psi_ |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(F)orce = (P)ressure x (A)rea,” solve the following problems:)2. Find F: Area = 10 square inches. | Force = _1,000__ pounds. Pressure = 100 psi. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(F)orce = (P)ressure x (A)rea,” solve the following problems:)3. Find A: Area = _.5_ square inches. | Force = 200 pounds. Pressure = 400 psi. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(F)orce = (P)ressure x (A)rea,” solve the following problems:)(211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(F)orce = (P)ressure x (A)rea,” solve)4. Find P: A=6 square inch | Force = 150 pounds. Pressure = _25_ psi |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(F)orce = (P)ressure x (A)rea,” solve the following problems:)5. Find F: Area = 4 square inches. | Force = _1,200_ pounds. Pressure = 300 psi. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(F)orce = (P)ressure x (A)rea,” solve the following problems:)6. Find A: Area = _10_ square inches | Force = 500 pounds. Pressure = 50 psi. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(F)orce = (P)ressure x (A)rea,” solve the following problems:)7. Find F: F =_2,000_ pounds. | P = 500 psi. A = 4 square inches. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(F)orce = (P)ressure x (A)rea,” solve the following problems:)8. Find F: F = _3,000_ pounds | P = 500 psi. A = 6 square inches. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(F)orce = (P)ressure x (A)rea,” solve the following problems:)9. Find A: F = 3000 pounds. | P = 300 psi. A = _10_ square inches. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(F)orce = (P)ressure x (A)rea,” solve the following problems:)10. Find P: F = 500 pounds. | P = _100_ psi. A = 5 square inches |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(F)orce = (P)ressure x (A)rea,” solve the following problems:)11. Find F: F = _300___ pounds. | P = 100 psi. A = 3 square inches. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(F)orce = (P)ressure x (A)rea,” solve the following problems:)12. Find A: F = 600 pounds. | P = 100 psi. A = __6__ square inches |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)13. Find L: Volume = 15 cubic inches. | Area = 5 square inches. Length = __3__ inches. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)14. Find A: Volume = 70 cubic inches. | Area = __7__ square inches. Length = 10 inches. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)15. Find V: Volume = _5__ cubic inches. | Area = 5 square inches. Length = 1 inches |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)16. Find L: Volume = 10 cubic inches. | Area = 2 square inches. Length = __5__ inches. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)17. Find A: Volume = 12 cubic inches. | Area = __3__ square inches. Length = 4 inches. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)18. Find V: Volume = __20__ cubic inches. | Area = 4 square inches. Length = 5 inches. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)19. Find V: V = __10__ cubic inches. | A = 2 square inches. L = 5 inches |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)20. Find L: V= 40 cubic inches. | A = 4 square inches. L = __10__ inches |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)21. Find A: V = 30 cubic inches. | A = _6__ square inches. L = 5 inches |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)22. Find A: V = 15 cubic inches. | A = __3__ square inches. L = 5 inches |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)23. Find V: V = __50__ cubic inches. | A = 10 square inches. L = 5 inches |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)24. Find L: V = 20 cubic inches. | A = 4 square inches. L = __5__ inches |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:) What is the mechanical advantage ratio if a 60-pound force is used to raise a 240-pound weight? | 4:1 |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)26. What is the mechanical advantage ratio if a 3-pound force is used to raise 99 pounds? | 33:1 |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:) A 150-pound weight is placed on a 10-square-inch piston and is then lifted by a force applied to a 2-square-inch piston. What force i | 30lbs of force, 5:1 |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)28. A 20-pound force on a 3-square-inch piston can lift how much weight on a 12-square-inch piston? What is the mechanical advantage? | 80 pounds weight, 4:1. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)29. What is the pressure (psi) on a surface 12 square inches in area and supporting a weight of 216 pounds? | 18 psi. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)30. How far will an 8-square-inch piston move if a 2-square-inch piston moves 8 inches? | 2 inches |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)31. What characteristic of a fluid determines its resistance to flow? | Viscosity |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)32. What effect does an orifice have on fluid-flow when compared to a venturi? | An orifice will cause more turbulence and thus more energy loss than a venturi because it is not streamlined. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)33. How can resistance to flow be reduced? | By streamlining the flow. |
| (211. Factors affecting fluid under pressure Using the formula “(V)olume=(A)rea*(L)ength)” solve the following problems:)34. What pressure difference can be observed during fluid-flow through a venturi? | There is a pressure drop at the narrow opening (throat) of a venturi as the rate of flow of the fluid increases at this point. The pressure will increase again after passing through the throat. |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)1. How much fluid should a reservoir hold? | Enough fluid to supply the normal operating needs of the system, along with an additional amount to replace fluid lost through minor leakage |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)2. Why do nonpressurized reservoirs have space above the fluid? | To allow the fluid to purge itself of air bubbles that are picked up from the system. |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)3. What prevents foreign material from entering the reservoir during servicing? | A wire screen |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)4. What are the two main reasons for pressurizing a reservoir? | First, it stops the fluid from foaming at high altitudes; second, it ensures a positive supply of fluid to the pumps |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)5. How do you service a pressurized hydraulic reservoir with fluid? | Use a portable servicing cart. |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)6. What unit in the pressurized hydraulic reservoir pressurizes the hydraulic fluid to 5 psi? | A piston spring |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)7. To service or perform maintenance on an air-pressurized reservoir, what is the first thing you must do? | Depressurize the reservoir. |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)8. Name three functions of the air-pressurized reservoir pressure regulator | It regulates the pressure to the reservoir, acts like a relief valve, and has a differential valve to allow equalization of pressures between outside air and air inside the reservoir. |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)9. How are pumps classified? | By their displacement (volume) output |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)10. What two purposes does the hand pump serve? | It can be used as an emergency source of pressure or as an auxiliary source of pressure for ground-checking the operation of the system units. |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)11. When the hand pump handle is on the retraction stroke, which check valve is closed? | The inlet check valve. |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)12. What indicates that either check valve inside the hand pump has malfunctioned? | The hand pump will become completely inoperative. |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)13. If a third check valve is installed, what could be the problem if fluid is only sent into the system on the extension stroke? | The inlet check valve is malfunctioning |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)14. What is a drawback of a constant-volume pump? | As long as the pump rotates, the fluid-flow it produces will eventually build up pressure high enough in the confined area to burst the lines and container. |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)15. What is the thinned portion on the drive shaft of a gear-type pump called? | Shear section |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)16. On a vane-type pump, what keeps the vanes against the housing wall? | Springs |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)17. In the constant-volume piston pump, what drives the cylinder block? | Universal link |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)18. Why does a constant-volume piston pump always have a constant intake and output of fluid? | There are always pistons somewhere between the upper and lower position. |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)19. What does the suction boost pump do for engine-driven pumps? | Ensures the engine pumps get an adequate supply of fluid. |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)20. What regulates pressure in a variable-volume pump? | An integral flow control valve (compensator) |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)21. What is the main difference between a Vickers stroke-reduction pump and a constant-volume pump? | The angle between the drive shaft and the cylinder block |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)22. What position is the Vickers pump’s cylinder block and yoke in when the system is at 0 psi? | The extreme angle position, full flow |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)23. Do the pistons have a stroke when the Vickers pump reaches the zero flow point? | No |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)24. What are the two major component groups of the Kellogg pump? | The rotating group and the pressure-compensating group. |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)25. What determines the length of the Kellogg pump’s piston stroke? | The angle setting of the cam plate |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)26. What is the purpose of the creep plates in Stratopower pumps? | Cooler operation |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)27. Describe the pistons of the Stratopower pump. | The pistons have fairly large hollow centers connected with cross-drilled holes |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)28. Which way would you turn the adjusting screw on the Stratopower pump to increase pressure? | Clockwise |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)29. What is the purpose of a hydraulic motor? | To convert hydraulic pressure into rotary mechanical motion. |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)30. What can be used to control the speed of a hydraulic motor? | Flow control valve |
| (212. Understanding reservoirs, pumps, and motors)31. Explain the principle of a jackscrew | The screw remains stationary and the nut turns. |
| (213. Facts about accumulators, filters, and manifolds)1. What is the purpose of an accumulator in a hydraulic system? | To store a volume of fluid under pressure, provide space for thermal expansion, and act as a cushion against pressure surges. |
| (213. Facts about accumulators, filters, and manifolds)2. What is the most common type of accumulator used? | Cylindrical type. |
| (213. Facts about accumulators, filters, and manifolds)3. Which accumulator has a drilled passageway in the piston for lubrication? | Piston. |
| (213. Facts about accumulators, filters, and manifolds)4. Where is the air-servicing valve located on the piston accumulator? | At the bottom of the accumulator. |
| (213. Facts about accumulators, filters, and manifolds)5. What is the piston accumulator is serviced with? | Dry air or nitrogen |
| (213. Facts about accumulators, filters, and manifolds)6. Which accumulator has four separate chambers? | Self-displacing accumulator |
| (213. Facts about accumulators, filters, and manifolds)7. What is the only moving part of a self-displacing accumulator? | The piston |
| (213. Facts about accumulators, filters, and manifolds)8. In the self-displacing accumulator system, where is the relief valve located? | Between the pressure line and return line |
| (213. Facts about accumulators, filters, and manifolds)9. What are the three basic parts of a filter assembly? | Head, element, and bowl. |
| (213. Facts about accumulators, filters, and manifolds)10. Which part of the filter assembly is mounted to the aircraft? | Head |
| (213. Facts about accumulators, filters, and manifolds)11. What does micron rating mean? | The amount of dirt or contaminates that can be filtered out |
| (213. Facts about accumulators, filters, and manifolds)12. What are the two ways fluids can usually flow through a filter assembly? | Normal flow and bypass flow. |
| (213. Facts about accumulators, filters, and manifolds)13. How are hydraulic manifolds designed? | To conserve space in the aircraft and permit ease of removing and replacing components |
| (213. Facts about accumulators, filters, and manifolds)14. Why is it physically impossible to install the wrong valve in a manifold? | Alignment pins make it physically impossible to install the wrong valve |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)1. What is the purpose of an actuating cylinder? | To transform fluid pressure into a mechanical force. |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)_(1) Commonly used on flight control systems to ensure operation by connecting to two separate hydraulic systems. | Single-acting |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)_(2) Used when more force is required to move an object one way more than the other. | Tandem acting |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)_(3) Used on landing gear. | Double-acting unbalance |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)_(4) Has piston rod that extends through both ends of the cylinder | Double-acting balanced |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)_(5) Offers equal force in either direction | Double-acting balanced |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)_(6) Commonly used on cargo door systems | Double-acting unbalanced |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)_(7) Used on nose wheel steering | Double-acting balanced |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)_(8) Used to actuate brakes. | Single-acting |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)3. What does tandem mean? | One behind the other |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)4. How many pistons are in a tandem actuator? | Two |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)5. What is the purpose of the internal snubber actuator? | To reduce damage to mechanisms by preventing the actuator from slamming into its end of travel with great force |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)6. Where is the main system relief valve normally installed in a hydraulic system? | Between the pressure and return lines |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)7. What is the purpose of a selector valve? | To control and direct the flow of hydraulic fluid. |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)8. What is the advantage of a slide selector valve over the poppet type? | Its ability to meter fluid. |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)9. What is the purpose of a check valve? | To allow free flow in one direction and no flow in the other direction. |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)10. What are the different types of automatic check valves? | Ball, cone, and flapper (gate) types |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)11. Which type of check valve is used primarily in low-pressure systems, such as the air pressurized reservoir system? | Flapper check valve. |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)12. What order of events do sequence valves set? | Branches of hydraulic circuit. |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)13. What is the purpose of the pressure regulator besides maintaining pressure within a predetermined range? | Permit the pump to turn without resistance. |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)14. What component is used in systems to limit the speed of movement of such items as wing flaps and landing gear? | Restrictors |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)15. Where is a restrictor check valve usually installed? | In the alternating line that carries fluid from the cylinder. |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)16. What names are commonly used for the manually operated shutoff valves? | Globe and needle |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)17. What are the parts of a motor-operated shutoff valve? | An electric motor, a slide, valve body, limit switches, and an indicator. |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)18. What is installed in the hydraulic system to prevent total fluid loss? | A hydraulic fuse |
| (214. Actuating cylinders and valves)19. How is internal leakage of a shuttle valve usually repaired? | By removing the unit and flushing it with clean hydraulic fluid. |
| (215. Basic hydraulic systems)1. What is another name for the supply section of a basic hydraulic system? | Suction manifold |
| (215. Basic hydraulic systems)2. Which section of a basic hydraulic system contains all the lines and units starting with the pump to the selector valve? | The pressure manifold |
| (215. Basic hydraulic systems)3. What are the four units of a hand pump system? | A reservoir, hand pump, actuator, and a manual shutoff valve. |
| (215. Basic hydraulic systems)4. How much pressure is required to lift 2,300 pounds using an actuator with 2 square inches of working area? | 1,150 psi |
| (215. Basic hydraulic systems)5. What would happen to a constant-volume pump hydraulic system if there were no relief valves? | The pressure would build up to the point where the tubing would rupture or damage system units |
| (215. Basic hydraulic systems)6. In order to properly design a hydraulic system, what must be considered? | The pressure needed to operate the system |
| (215. Basic hydraulic systems)7. What is the disadvantage of a constant-volume pump hydraulic system, which has a relief valve but does not have any components to relieve the pump’s workload? | After a few hours of constant load, the pump would probably fail. |
| (215. Basic hydraulic systems)8. What pressure does the pressure regulator and pressure switch maintain? | The pressure between two designed pressure limits. |
| (215. Basic hydraulic systems)9. Where does fluid-flow go when a regulator is kicked out? | Returns to the reservoir through the regulator bypass. |
| (215. Basic hydraulic systems)10. What does the term “operating range” mean? | The difference between the two design limits |
| (215. Basic hydraulic systems)11. What is the main purpose of the accumulator in the regulator or pressure switch controlled system? | Prevent rapid loss of pressure due to fluid leaks in the return lines, which would cause continuous kick in and kick ou |
| (216. Landing gear components)1. What is the purpose of the shock strut? | Carry the burden of supporting the aircraft and absorb the shock of landing. |
| (216. Landing gear components)2. What two telescoping cylinders form the shock strut? | Inner cylinder and outer cylinder |
| (216. Landing gear components)3. What component connects the inner and outer cylinder to maintain correct alignment? | Torsion links. |
| (216. Landing gear components)4. What truck assembly component prevents the truck from porpoising? | Snubber |
| (217. Nosewheel steering)1. What is the function of the shimmy damper? | Provide tracking of the aircraft during turns and prevent oscillation or shimmy during landing, takeoff, and taxiing |
| (217. Nosewheel steering)2. What types of steer damper units are used? | Single-piston and vane |
| (217. Nosewheel steering)3. What holds the control valve in the neutral position when steering is not used? | Centering spring |
| (217. Nosewheel steering)4. How is the sliding spool of the steering metering valve positioned? | By mechanical inputs into the valve |
| (217. Nosewheel steering)5. What ensures that the sliding spool returns to the neutral position? | By centering spring |
| (217. Nosewheel steering)6. How is system pressure blocked off in steering operation? | By the position of the sliding spool |
| (218. Landing gear system operations)1. How many seconds may the LG take for full retraction or extension from the time the control lever is moved until the gear is retracted (or extended) and the wheel well doors are again closed? | 10 to 40 seconds |
| (218. Landing gear system operations)2. What position must the landing gear control handle be in before emergency extension of the landing gear? | DN position |
| (218. Landing gear system operations)3. What prevents the nose gear from slamming down during the emergency extension sequence? | Snubbing action of the nose gear actuator. |
| (218. Landing gear system operations)4. What are the two types of landing gear position indicators used on aircraft? | Green light or tab-type. |
| (218. Landing gear system operations)5. On tab-type indicator systems, what is displayed when the gear is in transit or until the gear reaches the full up or down and locked position? | Diagonal stripes or barber poles. |
| (218. Landing gear system operations)6. How is the landing gear warning horn operated? | By switches installed on the throttle quadrant. |
| (219. Characteristics of aircraft wheel and bearings)1. What term describes a gradual loss of braking action due to overheating? | Brake fade |
| (219. Characteristics of aircraft wheel and bearings)2. What causes the multiple-disc brake’s piston to move inward? | Hydraulic pressure |
| (219. Characteristics of aircraft wheel and bearings)3. Define OFF clearance | The space between the discs when the brakes are not applied |
| (219. Characteristics of aircraft wheel and bearings)4. How is emergency hydraulic pressure supplied to the brake system? | By the aircraft emergency hydraulic system or accumulator |
| (219. Characteristics of aircraft wheel and bearings)5. In the antiskid system, when does the shaft speed decrease in relation to flywheel speed? | When enough excessive braking is applied to create a skidding tendency |
| (219. Characteristics of aircraft wheel and bearings)6. What is the heart of the integral brake system? | PBCV. |
| (219. Characteristics of aircraft wheel and bearings)7. What ensures rapid application and release of brakes? | Debooster. |
| (219. Characteristics of aircraft wheel and bearings)8. What brake system consists of a slave-metering valve remotely controlled by a master cylinder? | Slave brake system |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)1. What metals are used for aircraft wheels? | Aluminum and/or magnesium alloy |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)2. How is the removable flange held in place? | A retainer ring |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)3. What is the purpose of the alignment marks on split wheels? | To ensure the wheel halves are put together in their proper relationship. |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)4. At what temperature will the fusible metal core of the thermal plugs melt? | 300 °F |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)5. What type of wheel bearings are used on aircraft? | The tapered roller type. |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)6. What makes up a complete bearing set? | Bearing cone, tapered rollers, and a retaining cage. |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)7. What part of the bearing holds the assembly together? | The cage |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)8. Which technical manual provides information concerning aircraft tires and tubes? | 4T–1–3, Inspection, Maintenance Instructions—Storage and Disposition of Aircraft Tires and Inner Tubes. |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)9. What are the three main parts of an aircraft tire? | Tread and sidewall, cord body, and beads. |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)10. Describe aircraft tire tread. | A layer of rubber (or wire, fabric and rubber combination) on the outer circumference of a tire, which serves as the wearing surfac |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)11. What part of an aircraft tire gives the tire its structural strength? | The cord body or carcass |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)12. The ply rating of a tire is an index of what factor? | The tire strength (not necessarily the number of cord plies in a tire). |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)13. Why are vent holes or venting devices installed in tires? | To prevent pressure buildup and separation of the cord plies or tread rubber |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)14. How is a tubeless tire identified? | By the word “tubeless” on the tire sidewall. |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)15. List the two methods used to determine allowable tire wear | Colored wear indicators and tread groove method |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)16. What are the wear criteria on a retreadable aircraft tire less than 24 inches outside diameter? | Remove the tire when wear reaches the bottom of any tread groove for a continuous length of 4 inches or when wear exposes top fabric layer |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)17. Where might you find the allowable cut limits of a given tire? | Embossed on the sidewall of the tire |
| (220. Facts about aircraft tires)18. How does direct sunlight affect tire pressure? | Tires in direct sunlight experience a somewhat higher pressure than those in shaded areas |
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