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ANP101

exam 1

TermDefinition
Taxonomy Science of naming and classifying organisms
Founded by Carolus Linnaeus Systema Naturae (1758)
are humans primates? yes
Primates are recognized by a set of shared characteristics grasping hands/feet Flattened nails instead of claws Large apical pads on digits Forward facing eyes Wide binocular field + stereoscopy Post-orbital bar larger visual brain areas unspecialized dentition Small litter size
Derived trait "innovations" that first evolved in the common ancestor of the group in question (=apomorphy)
Primitive traits shared by a group that are inherited from a more distant common ancestor (=plesiomorphy)
Strepsirrhini (Prosimii) • Suborder: anthropoidea (monkeys, apes, humans) • Suborder: Prosimii (lemurs, lorises & galagos, TARSIERS) This is an ecologically-based classification.
Ecology study of an organism's interaction with its environment
Strepsirrhini (Prosimii) • Suborder: haplorrhini (TARSIERS, monkeys, apes, humans) • Suborder: strepsirrhini (lemurs, lorises & galagos) This is a PHYLOGENETICALLY-BASED classification.
Phylogeny hypothesis of an organism's evolutionary relationships
Tarsier Genus: Tarsius very long feet - good for jumping Locomotion: vertical clinging & leaping The only 100% FAUNIVOROUS primate - relies on eating other animals HUGE immobile eyes - nocturnal - each eyeball is the size of their brain
distinguish all haplorhines from strepsirrhines dry nose smaller nasal fossa no tapetum lucidum postorbital bar + partial plate fused forehead bone long gestation and big offspring
Strepsirrhines have derived features tooth comb toilet claw
Galagos/bush babies nocturnal VCL solitary
loris nocturnal slow climber crypsis - special blood supply opposite of galagos
lemurs Order: primates Sorder: strepsirrhini Infraorder: lemuriformes (lemurs) only in madagascar Cheirogaleidae (SMALLEST PRIMATE) Lepilemurade (sportive lemurs) Lemuridae (typical lemurs) Bamboo lemur Indriidae (sifakas, indris)
lemurs Infraorder: daubentoniidae (aye-aye) 1 genus & species Initially classified as rodent incisors Specialized dentition Solitary primate "clawed" digits Used to poke into things § "ball-and-socket" middle finger joint
anthropoids Haplorhines-tarsiers = anthropoid 1. Fused mandible 2. Complete post-orbital closure 3. Larger brain
Cattarrhines vs platyrrhines Geography New world primates in south American Old world in Africa and SE Asia Nostrils "platy"rrhine - broad nose "cata"rrhine - narrow nose # of PREMOLAR teeth Platy - 3 PM Cata - 2 PM sex dimorphism Platy - less SD Cata - more SD
platyrrhines Family ATELIDAE Large-bodied Prehensile tail Large group (fission-fusion) Family PITHECIIDAE dentition 4 hard fruit Family CEBIDAE (everything else) Subfam CALLITRICHINAE (marmosets & tamarins) twins
Created by: shannonzab
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