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Medi Term Mid term

Mod 1-9 (mixed) All terms & definitions_8

QuestionAnswer
medulla inner region of an organ
medullary pertaining to the medulla or an organ
micturition urination; voiding
nephrolithiasis abnormal condition of kidney stones
nephrolithotomy incision of the kidney to remove a stone
nephron functional unit of the kidney; consists of a glomerulus, renal tubule and collecting tubule
nephropathy disease or abnormality of the kidney
nephroptosis prolapse of a kidney; floating or wandering kidney
nephrosclerosis hardening of arteries and arterioles in the kidney
nephrostomy opening of kidney to the outside of the body
nephrotic syndrome group of symptoms that occur due to loss of protein in the urine; symptoms include edema, hypoalbuminemia, proteinuria, & susceptibility to infection; also known as nephrosis
nitrogenous waste substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine; urea, creatinine & uric acid
nocturia urinary frequency at night
oliguria scanty urine
paranephric pertaining to beside or near a kidney
peritoneal dialysis separation of nitrogenous wastes from bloodstream by introducing fluid into the peritoneal cavity; wastes leave the bloodstream which is drained through an abdominal catheter
perivesical pertaining to surrounding the urinary bladder
phenylketonuria excess of phenylketones in the urine; diagnosed by a PKU test at birth
polycystic kidney disease kidneys are filled with cysts that prevent normal kidney function
polydypsia excessive thirst
polyuria excessive urination
potassium chemical element that forms salts with other minerals such as calcium and is vital for bodily processes; when dissolved in water, it is an electrolyte whose balance is regulated by the kidney
pyleogram x-ray record of the kidney after injection of contrast material
pyelolithotomy incision to remove a stone from the renal pelvis of the kidney
pyelonephritis inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney; caused by bacterial infection
pyuria pus in the urine; sign of urinary tract infection (UTI)
reabsorption process in the kidney by which the renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream
renal angiography x-ray record of blood vessels of the kidney after injecting contrast material
renal angioplasty surgical repair of blood vessels in the kidney; narrowed areas of renal arteries are dilated using an inflatable balloon attached to a catheter
renal artery blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney
renal calculi kidney stones
renal cell carcinoma malignant tumor of the kidney in an adult
renal colic severe pain resulting from stone in a ureter or in the kidney
renal failure failure of the kidneys to produce and excrete urine
renal hypertension high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease
renal ischemia condition in which blood is held back from the kidney, often by blockage of renal arteries and arterioles
renal pelvis central collecting chamber of the kidney
renal transplantation surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient
renal tubule microscopic tube in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration
renal vein blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and back toward the heart
renin substance (enzyme) synthesized, stored, and secreted by the kidney to raise blood pressure; causes narrowing of blood vessels
retrograde pyleogram x-ray record of kidney, ureters and urinary bladder after injection of contrast material through a urinary catheter into the ureters
secondary hypertension high blood pressure caused by kidney disease or by other disorders
sodium chemical element necessary for cellular functioning; as an electrolyte, its blood and urine levels are regulated by the kidney
stricture narrowing of a tubular structure in the body
trigone triangular area in the urinary bladder where the ureters enter and urethra exits
trigonitis inflammation of the trigone of the urinary bladder
urea major nitrogenous waste material in urine
uremia excessive amount of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood
ureter tube leading from each kidney to the urinary bladder
uteroileostomy new opening of the ureters to an isolated portion of the ileum that has been removed from its normal location and connected to the outside of the body; serves as passageway for urine to leave body when urinary bladder isn't functioning
ureterolithotomy incision of a ureter for removal of a stone
ureteroneocystostomy surgical transplantation of a ureter to a new site in the urinary bladder; occurs with a kidney transplant
urethra tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
urethral stricture narrowing of urethra
urethritis inflammation of urethra
urethroplasty surgical repair of the urethra
uric acid nitrogenous waste formed when proteins are used in cells; excreted by the kidneys in urine
urinalysis series of test to evaluate the composition of urine; includes tests to determine color, appearance, sugar, bacteria and protein in blood
urinary bladder hollow container with muscular walls that holds and store urine until it is discharged from the body
urinary catherization passage of a catheter into the urinary bladder for temporary or permanent drainage of urine
urinary incontinence involuntary passage of urine
urinary retention inability to pass urine, which is held back in the urinary bladder
urination process of expelling urine; micturition; voiding
vesicoureteral reflux backflow of urine from the urinary bladder to the ureters
voiding urination
voiding cystourethrogram x-ray record of urinary bladder and urethra taken while a patient is urinating and after contract material is injected retrograde through the urethra
Wilms tumor malignant neoplasm of kidney that occurs in childhood
interstitial cystitis chronic inflammation of the bladder wall; not caused by bacterial infection and not responsive to conventional antibiotic therapy
vasopressin a peptide hormone; has 3 effects which contributes to increased urine concentration, & decreased urine excretion; causes the kidneys to conserve water, concentrating the urine, and reducing urine volume
Bright's disease (nephrotic syndrome) inflammation of the kidney glomerulus; exposure to toxins, or other conditions chronic health conditions; generalized edema & rapid weight gain are characteristic features.
abortion premature ending of pregnancy before embryo or fetus is able to exist on its own
abruptio plancentae premature detachment of the placenta from its place in the uterine wall
adnexa uteri accessory part of the uterus; fallopian tubes or ovaries
amenorrhea absence of menstrual flow
amniocentesis surgical puncture with a needle to withdraw fluid from within the amniotic sac
amnion innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus
amniotic fluid fluid contained within the amniotic sac surrounding fetus
anovulatory not accompanied by ovulation
Apgar score system of scoring an infant’s physical condition at 1 and 5 minutes after birth
areola dark, pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple
aspiration withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac with an instrument using suction
Bartholin glands 2 small mucus-secreting glands near the opening of the vagina to the outside of the body
bilateral oophorectomy excision or removal of both ovaries
carcinoma in situ cancerous tumor that is localized & has not spread either to nearby tissue or through the lymphatic system
carcinoma of the breast malignant tumor of breast tissue; breast cancer
carcinoma of the cervix malignant cells within the cervix
carcinoma of the endometrium malignant tumor of the uterus
Created by: lfrancois
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