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Test #1-Micro
Surgical Technology Microbiology/SURG1080
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Require Oxygen to Live | Aerobe |
| Developed the first vaccine | Edward Jenner |
| Power to cause disease | Virulence |
| Lives without oxygen | Anaerobe |
| Infection acquired in the hospital | Nosocomial |
| Absence of microbes or infection | Asepsis |
| Who created the Germ Theory of Fermentation? | Louis Pasteur |
| Who discovered penicillin? | Sir Alexander Fleming |
| Disease causing microbe | Pathogen |
| Study of Fungi | Mycology |
| What microscope is used to view viruses? | Electron Microscope |
| E. Coli Lives where naturally? | Intestines |
| Virus that attacks bacteria | Bacteriophage |
| Lives on dead organic matter | Saphrophyte |
| Who discovered the cure for Syphilis? | Paul Ehrlich |
| Compulsory, required, necessary | Obligate |
| Who developed the pure culture technique? | Robert Koch |
| Self-nourishing | Autotrophic |
| The study of organisms that can be seen only through a microscope, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites, and rickettsia. | Microbiology |
| Who invented the first microscope? | Anton Van Leeuewenhoek |
| Unable to grow or reproduce outside of a host cell | Viruses |
| Who created the postulates that the agent must be present in every case of the disease. The agent must be isolated from the case and grown in vitro. What is the name of the postulates? | Robert Koch Koch Postulates |
| Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation? | Louis Pasteur |
| Who developed pasteurization, the germ theory of fermentation and the germ theory of disease? | Louis Pasteur |
| Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation/abiogenesis, including the decaying meat experiment? | Franscesco Redi |
| Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation using the boiled meat broth experiment in a sealed flask? | Lazzaro Spallanzani |
| Who first discovered that puerperal fever might be caused by doctors and nurses going from one patient to another without washing their hands? | Oliver Holmes |
| Hungarian obstetrician that observed that patient deaths were much higher among those who were visited by physicians who had come directly from the morgue or autopsy room | Ignaz Philipp Semmlweis |
| Established the first real safety precautions in a hospital, including hand washing and meticulous clean rooms | Ignaz Philipp Semmlweis |
| Who developed a method of killing heat resistant bacteria, known as Tyndallization? | John Tyndall |
| Developed the dick test to determine susceptibility to scarlet fever. | Gladys and George Dick |
| The most important thing a health care worker can do to prevent the spread of infection is to practice what? | Good hand washing techniques |
| The first book that provided public health guidelines | Book of Leviticus |
| What type of staining technique stains the bacteria and then is rinsed with a mixture of acid and alcohol? | Acid-Fast |
| a chemical compound that can inhibit or stop the growth of bacteria without necessarily killing them? | Antiseptic |
| Exclusion of microbes | Aseptic |
| An item is _________ when it is free of all microorganisms including the endospores. | Sterile |
| To weaken or dilute the pathogenicity of a virus or other pathogen by exposing it to air; heat, chemicals, light or excessive culturing. To slow the growth of bacteria without necessarily killing them. | Attenuate |
| Study of Bacteria | Bacteriology |
| method of asexual reproduction in which the cell divides into two parts. | Binary Fission |
| method of asexual reproduction in which a bud-like process grows from the side or end of the parent and develops into a new organism. | Budding |
| Spore formed within the parent cell is called and | Endospore |
| having the capability o live under certain environment circumstances, but living under those circumstances is not compulsory. *They are able to survive with or without oxygen | Facultative |
| Hairlike, motile process that helps bacteria move around | Flagellum |
| What color would a gram negative bacteria stain? | pink or red |
| What color would a gram positive bacteria stain? | dark purple |
| What is the purpose of gram staining? | to determine the type of antibiotic that will be effective in fighting the bacteria. |
| requiring organic compounds to live and grow | Heterotrophic |
| Small, round bodies found in cells affected by a virus | Inclusion Bodies |
| Requires oxygen but thrives best when oxygen is less that that in the atmosphere. | Microaerophilic |
| minute living body not perceptible to the naked ey. | Microorganism |
| Science of structure and form | Morphology |
| Any disease induced by a fungus | Mycosis |
| Causes infection when given the opportunity y the altered physiological state of the host | Opportunistic |
| organism that lives within upon or at the expense of another living organism known as the host. | Parasite |
| Disease causing microorganism | Pathogen |
| Study of Parasites | Parasitology |
| a protein-like microbe that is highly resistant to common sterilization methods | Prion |
| Genetic bacterial factor that makes it possible for some bacteria to become resistant to certain antibiotics | Resistance- Transfer Factor |
| systemic disease associated with the presence of pathogenic microorganisms or their toxins in the blood | Sepsis |
| carries microorganisms from one infected individual to another | Vector |
| Leguminous plants that form characteristic nodules on the root and return nitrogen from the air to the soil in form of nitrates. | peas, peanuts, and alfalfa |
| two different kinds of organisms living independently without affecting the other | Independence |
| Each organism derives some benefit from the other; mutually satisfied | Mutualism |
| "eating together at the same table" the smaller derives benefit form the association, causing no harm. | Commensalism |
| Organism benefit from another but at the others expense | Parasitism |
| One organism produces substances or causes conditions which are lethal for other organisms; cannot coexist | Antibiosis |
| Microbes that live on or in the human body | Normal Flora/Indigenous Microflora |
| Normal flora is present in what? | The skin Upper Respiratory Tract Mouth/Oral Cavity GI Tract Vaginal Tract |
| Where should normal Flora never be found? | The blood |
| What is the benefit of Normal flora? | Nutrient Production/processing |
| All living matter is made up of ________. | Cells |
| Protective covering produced by some bacteria | Spores |
| round, nonmotile, do not posses flagella or produce spores | Coccus |
| appear in pairs | Diplococci |
| chains | Strepto |
| grapelike clusters | Staphylococci |
| may be aerobic or anerobic. Are shaped like rods or cylinders | Bacillus |
| comma-shaped rod | Vibrio |
| Longer rigid curved organisms | Spirillum |
| Longer flexible motile spiral organisms | Spirochete |
| rare transmissible fatal disease caused by a prion. Disposable surgical instruments and special decontamination procedures must be used when operating on a patient with this disease. | Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) |
| What microscope is used to view bacterial characteristics? | Compound light |
| What microscope is used when microbes are not visible with a light microscope or cannot be stained? | Dark-field |
| What microscope is used for detailed visualization of internal structures of microbes? | Phase-contrast |
| What microscope is used for visualization of naturally fluorescent microbes or those stained with fluorochromes? | Fluorescence |
Created by:
lmlayton
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