Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Terminology Chp 6
Second part
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Immunoglobulins | blind with specific antigen in the antigen-antibody response. they are secreted by plasma cells |
| plasma cell | are specialized white blood cells that produce antibodies coded to destroy specific antigens. |
| Lymphocytes lymph/o means lymph cytes/ means cell | white blood cells that are formed in bone marrow as stem cells |
| B Cells B lymphocytes | are effective against viruses and bacteria circulating in the blood /when a B cell is confronted with the antigen is transforms into a Plasma B cell |
| Dendritic Cells | white blood cell that patrol the body searching for antigens that produce infections, when such a cell is found the dendritic cells grab, swallow, and internally break apart that captured antigen |
| T cells T lymphocytes | contribute to the immune defense by coordinating immune defenses and by killing infected cells on contact /T cells produce interferon and lymphokines |
| interferon | family of proteins whose specialty is fighting viruses by blowing or stopping their multiplication. |
| Lymphokines | direct antigen-antibody response by signaling between the cells of the immune system / lymphokines attract macrophages ti the infected site and prepare them to attack |
| macrophage macro/ means large -phage / means a cell that eats | white blood cell that surround and kills invading cells. They also remove dead cells |
| phagocyte phag/ means eat; or swallow cyte / means cell | large white blood cells that can destroy substance such as cell debris, dust, pollen, and pathogens by the process of phagocytosis - to destroy, pathogens by surrounding and swallowing them |
| Complement | group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood in an inactive form they them mark these foreigh invaders and attracts phagocytes to destroy the antigens |
| immunity | is the state of being resistant to a specific disease. |
| Natural immunity | passed from the mother to her fetus; last only a short time |
| passive immunity | is passed from the mother to her child through her breast milk. |
| acquired immunity also known as active immunity | is the production of antibodies against a specific antigen by th immune system either by contracting an infectious disease ; chickenpox, or by vaccination against a disease such as polio |
| Vaccination also known as immunization | is preparation containing an antigen, consisting of whole or partial disease causing organisms which have been killed or weakend |
| allergic reaction | occurs when the body's immune system reacts to a harmless allergen such as pollen, food or animal dander as if it were a dangerous invader |
| allergy also known as hypersensitivity | is an overreaction by the body to a particular antigen |
| localized allergic response known as cellular response | includes redness, itching, burning where the skin has come into contact with the allergen |
| systemic reaction or anaphylaxis shock | is a severe response to an allergen; without medical care a patient could die |
| scratch test | is a diagnostic test to identify common allergens such as; tree pollen, ragweed; swelling and itching indicate an allergic reaction |
| Antihistamines | are medications to relieve or prevent the symptoms of types of allergies; hay fever etc |
| histamine | is a substance produced by the body that causes itching sneezing, runny nose; allergic reaction |
| autoimmune disorder also known as autoimmune disease | large group of diseases in which the immune system produces antibodies against its own tissues; appears to be genetically transmitted and predominantly occurs in women during the childbearing years |
| immunodeficiency disorder | happens when the immune system is compromised; weakened, reduced, absent, or not functioning properly |
| human immunodeficiency virus or HIV | is a blood borne infection in which the virus damages or kills the cells of the immune system; leaving the body at rish of developing many infections |
| opportunistic infections | is caused by a pathogen that does not normally produce an illness in healthy humans; but when the host is debilitated many opportunistic infections can develop |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome also known as AIDS | is the most advanced and fatal stage of an HIV infection |
| Kaposi's sarcoma | This cancer cause patches of abnormal tissue to grow under the skin, lining of mouth,nose,throat and other organs is an example of an opportunistic infection that is associated with HIV |
| Elisa | blood test to screen for the presence of HIV antibodies |
| Western Blot | blood test that produces more accurate results than the Elisa |
| Immunotherapy Immun/o/therapy | is a disease treatment that involves either stimulating or repressing the immune response |
| Synthetic Immunoglobulins | is used a a postexposure preventive measure against certain viruses, example: rabies and some types of hepatitis / postexposure means the patient has been exposed to the virus. |
| Synthetic interferon | used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis, hepatitis C, and some cancers |
| Monoclonal antibodies | are any of a class of antibodies produced in the laboratory by identical offspring of a clone of specific cells. |
| Pathogen | is a microorganism that causes a disease in humans. |
| microorganism | is a living organism that is so small it can be seen only with the aid of a microscope |
| Pathogenic | means capable of producing disease |
| Bacteria | are one=celled microscopic organisms |
| Bacilli | are rod-shaped spore-forming bacteria; tetanus is caused by bacillus/ tetanus is known as lockjaw |
| rickettsia | is a small bacterium that lives in lice, fleas,ticks and mites; Rocky Mountain spotted fever rickettsia |
| spirochetes | are spiral-shaped bacteria that have flexible walls and are capable of movement; lyme disease |
| Staphylococci | are a group of about 30 species of bacteria that form irregular groups or clusters resembling grapes; reside normally on the skin and mucous; |
| staphylococcus aureus | is a form of staphylococci that commonly infects wounds and causes serious problems such as toxic shock syndrome or produces food poisoning / toxic shock can be fatal |
| streptococci | they form a chain; many species are harmless; they causes strep throat, meningitis, |
| septic shock | is a serious condition that occurs when an overwhelming bacterial infection affects the body |
| antibiotic resistant bacteria | known as the supper bug; develop when an antibiotic fails to kill all of the bacteria it targets |
| methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus | known as MRSA is resistant to most antibiotics |
| fungus | is a simple parasitic organism also known as athlete's foot |
| Yeast | is a type of Candidiasis is known as a yeast infection or thrush |
| parasite | is a plant or animal that lives on or within another living organism at the expense of that organism; malaria contracted by a mosquitoes |
| toxoplasmosis | is most commonly transmitted from animals to humans by contact with contaminated feces. |
| Viruses | are very small infectious agents that live only by invading other cells |
| Herpes zoster | also known as shingles |
| infectious mononucleosis | known as mono is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus |
| measles | is an acute, highly contagious infection caused by the rubeola virus and transmitted by respiratory droplets |
| mumps | is an acute viral disease / swelling of the parotid glands (salivary glands) |
| rubella | known as German measles it is a viral infection |
| MMR | is a vaccination to prevent measles, mumps, rubella |
| rabies | is an acute viral infection that is commonly transmitted to humans by the bite or saliva of an infected animal. |
| varicella | known as chickenpox is caused by the herpes virus Varicella zoster and is highly contagious |
| West Nile virus | is spread to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito |
| cytomegalovirus cyt/o/megal/o/virus | is a member of the herpes virus family; found in body fluids; silent infection; transmitted to baby from mother |
| antibiotics anti/bio/tic | are medication that are capable of inhibiting growth or killing pathogenic bacterial microorganisms |
| bactericide bacteri / cide | substance that causes the death of bacteria; antibiotics include penicillin's and cephalosporins |
| bacteriostatic bacteri/o/static | is an agent that slows or stops the growth of bacteria; tetracycline, sulfonamide and erythromycin |
| antifungal anti/fungal | is an agent that destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi |
| antiviral drug anti/viral | is used to treat viral infections or to provide temporary immunity |
| Oncology onc/ology | is the study of the prevention, causes, and treatment of tumors and cancer |
| tumor | also known as neoplasm; is a growth of tissue that forms an abnormal mass |
| benign tumor | is not life threatening; is a noncancerous growth; |
| myoma my/oma | is a benign tumor made up of muscles tissue |
| malignant tumor | is harmful capable of spreading to distant body sites |
| myocarcoma my/o/carc/oma | is a malignant tumor derived form muscle tissue |
| angiogenesis angi/o/genesis | this tumor supports its own blood supply |
| antiangiogenesis anti/angi/o/genesis | is a form of treatment that disrupts this blood supply to the tumor |
| Cancer | is a class of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled division of cells and the ability of these cells to invade other tissue |
| metastasize | spreads from one place to another; moves form primary site and spreads to a secondary site |
| metastasis meta/stasis | is a new cancer site that results from the spreading process |
| carcinoma carcin/oma | is a malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue |
| carcinoma in situ | describes a malignant tumor in its original position that has not yet disturbed or invaded the surrounding tissues. |
| adenocarcinoma aden/o/carcin/oma | is any one of a large group of carcinomas derived from glandular tissue. |
| sarcoma sarc/oma | is a malignancy tumor that arises form connective tissues, including hard tissues, soft tissues, liquid tissues |
| hard tissue sarcomas | arise from bone or cartilage; bone, pelvis,knee example: osteoscarcoma is a malignant tumor of the bone |
| soft tissue sarcomas | 2.arises from tissues from muscle, connective tissues; tendons,blood,lymphatic vessels, nerves and fat; synovial sarcoma is a malignant tumor of the tissue surrounding the synovial joint |
| liquid tissue sarcomas | arise from blood and lymph; example is leukemia |
| staging | is the process of classifying tumors with respect to how far the disease has progressed |
| lymphoma lymph/oma | is a general term applied to malignancies affecting lymphoid tissues |
| professional palpation of the breast | is performed to feel the texture, size, and consitency of the breast |
| mammography mamm/o/graphy | radiographic examination of the breasts to detect the presence of tumors cells |
| surgical biopsy bi/opsy | is the removal of a small piece of tissue for examination to confirm or establish a diagnosis |
| needle breast biopsy | is a technique in which an x-ray guided needle is use to remove small samples of tissue from the breast |
| sentinel-node biopsy | sentinel node is the first lymph node to come into contact with cancer cells |
| lymph mode dissection | is a surgical procedure in which all of the lymph noes in a major group are removed to determine or slow the spread of cancer |
| lumpectomy | is the surgical removal of only the cancerous tissue and a surrounding margin of normal tissue |
| mastectomy mast/ectomy | is the surgical removal of the entire breast and nipple |
| modified radical mastectomy | is the surgical removal of the entire breast and all of the axillary lymph nodes |
| radical mastectomy | is the surgical removal of an entire breast and many of the surrounding tissues |
| chemotherapy | is the use of chemical agents and drugs in combination's selected to destroy malignant cells and tissues |
| chemoprevention | is the use of natural or synthetic substances such as drugs or vitamins to reduce the risk of developing cancer or to reduce the risk of recurring cancer |
| antineopalstic anti/ne/o/plast/ic | is medication that blocks the development, growth, or proliferation of malignant cells |
| cyotoxic drugs | are used for immumosuppression and chemotherapy |
| radiation therapy | is used in the treatment of some cancers, goal is to destroy the cancer while sparing healthy tissues |
| teletherapy tele/therapy | is radiation administered at a distance from the body |
Created by:
cameronslc
Popular Medical sets