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Pathology 3-3
Duke PA pathology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which mechanisms of disease caused by tumors cause pain? | tissue destruction, organ compression |
| Staging catergorizes malignant tumors based on what? | potential for invasion and metastasis |
| Tumor grading is based on what? | histologic examination of the tumor, provides estimated degree of malignancy |
| TMN system | tumor staging |
| T in TMN system | reflects size of tumor |
| N in TMN system | reflects lymph node involvement |
| M in TMN system | reflects the extent of metastasis |
| In tumor staging, which number indicates a better prognosis? | lower |
| Who performs tumor grading? | pathologist |
| Is grading system the same for all tumors? | no - differs according to tumor type |
| Grade I tumor | well-differentiated, low anaplasia |
| Grade II, III tumor | intermediate differentiation |
| Grade IV tumor | poorly differentiated; high anaplasia |
| Major therapeutic modalities for cancer | surgery, radiation, chemo, immunotherapy, molecularly-based therapy, combination therapy |
| What is the 3rd most common cancer in incidence and mortality? | colorectal cancer |
| What percent of colorectal cancer has hereditary component? | 15-50 percent |
| What percent of colorectal cancer is due to known mutations? | roughly 15 percent - FAP, HNPCC |
| Can tobacco cause colon cancer? | yes |
Created by:
ges13
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