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3)TofL (D), (F),(E)
Different uses of site/reasons for changes/people and activities associated
What was it's uses in the Medieval period? | Military Fortress/Defence. Palace. Status symbol. Oppress population. |
What was it's uses in the Early Modern period? | Prison/Place of execution. Not palace anymore (safer times) |
What was it's uses in the Industrial period? | Tourism, medievalisation etc. Barracks - store ordinance, house soldiers. Menagerie goes as Wellington hates tourists 1835 |
What was it's uses in the Modern Day period? | Tourism. Education. Conservation. UNESCO world heritage site in 1988. 2 million visitors a year. WW1 and 2, used as prison for spies, military training and for growing crops (dig for victory) |
REASONS FOR CHANGES | REASONS FOR CHANGES |
Early developments (Hen III + Ed I) | Increase defences, scared of foreign invasion from France and Scotland. Also scared of people, peasants revolt (1381).Made more comfortable for living (medieval palace) |
Prison in Early Modern | More stable times - Royals live in palaces (e.g. Hampton Court). Strong monarchs (e.g. Hen VII + VIII). Need prison for prisoners as religious problems |
Tourist site and barracks in Industrial Period | Industrial period brought transportation, wealth and more time. Obsolete as a defensive site. Used as barracks as empire needs to store big army. |
Tourist site and educational in Modern Day | There are threats (WW1 + 2) but T of L is obsolete in modern warfare, used instead for captured spies. Tourism: Rise in popularity of History as a subject (e.g. documentaries). More disposable income. |
Tourist site and educational in Modern Day cont | Conservation: Change in attitude from Victorian times. Protect whats there, rather than rebuilding how we thought it originally was |
DIVERSITY OF PEOPLE AND ACTIVITIES ASSOCIATED WITH SITE | DIVERSITY OF PEOPLE AND ACTIVITIES ASSOCIATED WITH SITE |
Medieval: Who was Simon Sudbury? | Simon Sudbury - Archbishop of Canterbury 1381 (peasants revolt), responsible for Poll Tax, lead to revolt, 80,000 peasants march on London, peasants breach T of L, find Sudbury hiding, drag him out, behead, head put on steak |
Early Modern: Who was Anne Boleyn? | 2nd wife of Hen VIII. Both coronation (1533) and execution (1536) happens in T of L. Henry built her 'Queen's Apartments' in her honour at T of L. Imprisoned there before execution. |
Early Modern: Who was Anne Boleyn? cont | Historians dispute entrance to Tower, either Traitors Gate or the Main/Side entrance. Executed on Tower Green, right outside her apartments |
Industrial: Who was Duke Wellington? | War hero, won Napoleonic Wars. Defeated Napoleon at Battle of Waterloo. Constable of Tower 1825-52. Built Waterloo barracks, in place of Grand Storehouse (burnt down), updating tower, making into armoury/barracks. |
Industrial: Who was Duke Wellington? cont | Hated tourists, wants tower as military site - closes zoo, animals to Regent Park |
Modern: Who were the Kray Twins? | London gangsters. Notoriously violent, from East End (poor). Feared and loved - working class heroes. Arrested and held in T of L for not turning up for National Service (1952). Last prisoners held in Tower. From poor background, diversity of class |
List of activities | Prison/execution, tourism, zoo, mint, palace, crown jewels, defence, barracks, grow veg |