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Electronics

TermDefinition
Cell Supplies the electrical current.
Battery Two or more cells. the large terminal is positive.
DC Power Supply Provides a direct current that always flows in one direction.
AC Power Supply Provides and alternative current that constantly changes direction at a specific frequency.
Fuse A safety device that blows (melts) if the current flowing through it exceeds a specific value.
Transformer Consists of two coils of wire linked by an iron core. They are used to step up (increase) and step down (decrease) AC voltages. There is no electrical connection, instead the energy is transferred between the coils by the magnetic field in the core.
Ground A connection to the earth.
Transducer A device that converts energy from one from to another.
Lighting Lamp Converts electrical energy to light.
Indicator Lamp Convert electrical energy to light for such uses as a warning light on a car's dashboard.
Motor Convert electrical energy to kinetic energy (motion).
Heater Converts electrical energy to heat.
Bells and Buzzers Converts electrical energy to sound.
Microphone Converts sound to electrical energy.
Earphones and Speakers Converts electrical energy to sound.
Inductor A coil of wire that creates magnetic field when current passes through it.
Push Switch Allows current to flow only when the button is pressed.
Push-to-break Switch The circuit is normally closed (the device is on): the circuit is open (device is off) only when the button is pressed.
On/off Switch Allows current to flow only when it's in the closed (on) position.
Two-way Switch Directs the flow of current to one of two routes, according to its position.
Dual on/off Switch Often used to switch main electricity because it can isolate both live and neutral connections.
Relay (relay switch) An electrically operated switch that may operate multiple switches at one time. Current flowing through a coils sets up a magnetic field, which causes the lever(s) to move, effectively changing the (relay) switch's position(s).
Resistor (nonvariable) Restrict the flow of electrical current. They are rated in ohms and have color code on them to indicate their value, tolerance, and sometimes quality.
Black Resistor 0
Brown Resistor 1
Red Resistor 2
Orange Resistor 3
Yellow Resistor 4
Green Resistor 5
Blue Resistor 6
Violet Resistor 7
Gray Resistor 8
With Resistor 9
Resistor Bands Meaning The first and second bands on the resistor are the first two digits of the resistor's value. The next band indicates the number of zeros after the first two digits. The first band is red, the second is yellow, an the third is orange, the value is 24,000
Variable Resistor
Rheostat A type of variable resistor with two contacts, usually used to control current. Ex: adjusting light brightness or adjusting motor speed.
Potentiometer A type of variable resistor with three contacts that's used to control voltage.
Present Variable Resistor A device that operates with a small screwdriver or similar tool; it's designed to be set when the circuit is made and then left without further adjustment.
Capacitor Store electrical charge. They're used with resistors in timing circuits because it takes time for a capacitor to fill with charge. They're also used to filter circuits.
Diode Allows electricity to flow in one direction. The arrow of the circuit symbol shows the direction in which the current can flow.
Transistors Amplify current. Ex: they can be used to amplify the small output current from a logic chip so it can operate a lamp, relay, or other high-current device.
Amplifier Is a complex circuit that is used to magnify power, current, or voltage.
Antenna A device designed to receive and/or transmit radio signals.
Current = Amperes (or amps)
Voltage = Volts
Resistance = Ohms
Power = Watts
Energy = Watt-hours
Rectification Occurs in certain electronic circuits that need to change from AC to DC in order to run properly.
Created by: zoehaley
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