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spada reading pssa

pssa terms and definitions

Terms	Definition
Connections	text to self, world; or text. the reader can connect or relate what he has to read to something else.
Evaluate	to examine and judge; to say if something is good or bad- if you like it or you don't.
inference	reading between the lines. Taking what the author wrote and adding it to what you already know to make assumption.
Prediction	making and educated guess as to what will happen next.
Visualize	the abillity to "see" what you are reading.
compare and contrast	comapare means to show similarities and contrast means to show differences.
expository text	text wriiten to explain and convey information about a specific topic.
fact vs. opinion	fact is it something that can be proven to be true, and opinion isd it just someone else's point of view.
genralizations	when you make assumpions about different events and/or characters and apply them to new situations.
graphic organizer	an organizational picture, such as a venn diagram or webbing, that helps the learner identify the important elements.
nonfiction	writing that is true and the purpose is to inform. Nonfiction communicates knowledge about real people, events and/or situations.
paraphrase	restate in your own words. A paraphrase is a retelling of the reading selection that inclueds more than just the main ideas.
sequential order	order in which the events in the story are presented to the reader.
summary	a consise (short yet detailed) explanation of a reaing selection. A summary contains only main ideas.
supporting details	details that support or back up the main idea of the passage.
alliteration	the repetition of beginning consonat sounds in words in words in a sentence. Examples: sweet smell of sucess, a dime a dozen, bigger and better,jump for joy.
figurative language	language that cannot be taken literally since it was written to create a special effect.
hyperbole	an exaggerated statement used to make a strong effect. Example: My dog is so ugly, we have to pay people to pet him.
imagery	words and phrases used specifically to help the reader to imagine each of the senses: smell, touch,sight,hearing, and taste.
metaphor	a comparison between two unlike thing without using the words like or as.
onomatopeia	words whose sounds express their meaning. Examples "buzz", "crash", "boom".
Oxymoron	putting two contradictory words together. Example, "jumbo", "shrimp", "plastic glasses".
personifcation	giving lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects. Example: The planets danced in their orbits
simile	a comparison between two unlike things by using the words like or as.
symbol	an image,object,charactor,or action that stands for an idea beyond its literal meaning.
conflict	struggle between opposing forces in literature.
characterization	the method an author uses to communicate information about the characters. Methods include:1)character's appearance 2)character's actions 3)character's thoughts 4) character's conversations and 5) reactions of others toward the character.
character vs. charactor	a conflict, trouble with a bully or difficulties in romance. this type of conflict is external.
charactor vs. nature	a conflict between a character and a force in nature such as a tornado, avalanche, extreme weather conditions or any type of natural disaster. This type of conflict is external.
charactor vs. self	an internal conflict that takes place in a charactor's mind. For example, a character may have to decide between right or wrong or between two solutions to a problem. Sometimes, a character must deal with his/her mixed fellings or emotions.
climax	the moment when the action of the story comes to its highest point. This usually occurs at the end of the story just before the resolution.
exposition	the backround information that the author provides about the settiing,plot character or other essential story elements.
falling action	the part of the story following the climax where there is a sharp decline in dramatic tension; this occurs just beffore the resoultion.
fiction	any story that is the product of imagionation rather than a fact.
plot	The events that occur in the story beggining with the setting and ending with the resolution.
Resolution	Occurs at the if a story and includes the story's action after the climax.
Rising Action	The part of the story, including the exposition, which builds to the climax.
Antagonist	main character in the oppsition to the protagonist; sometimes not a person but an obstacle such as a force of nature, society or inner conflict.
protagonist	the central character in a story that is the "good guy," or the one with whom the reader identifies.
Dialogue	the actual words/conversation that the character says to another character.
Narrater	The speaker of the story.
Point of view	perspective from which the story is being told. The main points of view are first person, third person limited, and third person omniscient.
limited point of view	the story is told from the view-point of a character; as a result the reader is only exposed to what that character experiences. First person point of view is always limited and third person point of view can ethier be limited or omniscient.
Omniscient point of view	"all knowing;" instead of being a character of the story, the narrater is outside the story so the thoughts of all of the characters are presented.
antonym	a meaning of word but oppisite
context clues	information within the reading selection that helps the reader figure out the meanings of words
homophone hononym	2 or more words that are pronouced alike but have different meaning.
prefix	letters in beginning of word to change meaning
root word	a word to which prefixes and suffixes are added.
suffix	letter placed at the end of a word to change meaning
synonym	same meaning of word
auto bio	a story of a persons life wriiten by the person
biography	the story of a persons life written by another person.
fable	a narrative intended to convey a moral
flashback	technique the author inturrupts a person
irony	a difference between what is expectedand what actually happens
mood	the overall feelingcreated by the authors words
voice	the authors style the quality that makeshis or her writing unique

Created by: 2015whitimJ

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