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7-3 Atmosphere

Science 7 Chapter 3 vocab

TermDefinition
weather the condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place.
atmosphere the envelope of gases that surrounds the planet
water vapor water in the form of a gas
density the amount of mass in a given volume of air
air pressure the result of the weight of a column of air pushing an area
barometer an instrument that is used to measure air pressure
mercury barometer instrument that measures changes in air pressure, consisting of a glass tube partially filled with mercury, with its open end resting in a dish of mercury
aneroid barometer instrument that measures changes in air pressure without using a liquid
altitude elevation, the distance above sea level.
electromagnetic waves a form of energy that can move through space
radiation the direct transfer of electromagnetic waves
Wind the perceptible natural movement of the air, especially in the form of a current of air blowing from a particular direction
Anemometer an instrument for measuring the speed of the wind, or of any current of gas
Windchill factor a quantity expressing the effective lowering of the air temperature caused by the wind, especially as affecting the rate of heat loss from an object or human body or as perceived by an exposed person.
Sea breeze a breeze blowing toward the land from the sea, especially during the day owing to the relative warmth of the land
local winds a breeze in your local area
troposhpere innermost layer of Earth's atmosphere
stratosphere the layer of Earth's atmosphere above the troposphere
mesosphere the layer of Earth's atmosphere below the thermosphere
thermosphere the final layer of Earth's atmosphere
Troposphere lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere
Stratosphere Second lowest layer in Earth's atmosphere
Mesosphere Middle layer of Earth's atmosphere
Thermosphere Outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere
Ionosphere Lowest part of thermosphere
Exosphere Outer layer of thermosphere
Radiation The direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
Infrared radiation Electromagnetic waves with wavelengths that are longer than visible light but shorter than mmicrowaves
Ultraviolet radiation An invisible form of energy with wavelengths that are shorter then wavelengths for violet light
Scattering Dust size particles and gases in the atmosphere disperse light in all directions
Greenhouse effect The trapping of heat near a planets surface by certain gases in the planets atmosphere
Thermal energy Measures the total energy of motion in the particles of a substance
Thermometer Device that measures temperature- some have a thin tube with a bulb on one end that holds liquid mercury or colored alcohol
Heat Thermal energy transferred from a hot object to a cool one
Convection transferring heat through the movement of fluid
key consepts 3.1
earths atmosphere consist of nitrogen,oxygen,carbon dioxide,water vapor, and other gasses as well as particles of liquids and solids. events in one part of the atmosphere affect other parts of the atomesphere
3.2 Because air has mass,it also has other proprieties including density and pressure.
two common kinds of barometers are mercury barometers and android barometers air pressure decreases as altitude increases. As air pressure decreases, so does density
3.3 scientists divide Earth's atmosphere into four main layers according to temperature
earth's weather occurs in the troposphere. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer. the mesosphere protects Earth from meteoroids. the thremosphere is the outer most layers of earth's atmosphere
3.4 the suns energy travels as visible light,inferred radiation. and ultraviolet waves
some of sunlight is absorb or reflected by the atmosphere.Some of the energy Earth absorbs is radiated back out as inferred radiation 3.5
Air temperature is usually measured with a thermometer. heat is transferred in three ways: convention, conduction, and radiation
heat is transferred mostly by convention within the troposphere 3.6
Differences in air pressure cause the air to move Most differences in air pressure are caused by the unequal heating of the atmosphere
The unequal heating of earth’s surface within a small area cause local winds Like local winds global winds are created by the unequal heating of earth’s surface.But unlike local winds global winds occur over a large area.
Created by: lnieman
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