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Art Test #3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Caves at Lascaux | 15,000 B. C., caves in France with many paintings of animals, closed to the public in 1963 |
| Venus of Willendorf | 25,000 B. C., female fertility sculpture found in Austria, made of limestone |
| Bison | 10,000 B. C., sculpture carved from a reindeer antler |
| Stonehenge | 2000 B. C., ritual site in Salisbury Plain, England, constructed to indicate the solstices and equinoxes of the year, times for planting, harvest and religious ceremonies, made of cromlech and lintels |
| Cromlech | A round grouping of gigantic stones |
| Lintels | Horizontal elements |
| Ziggurat at Ur | 2100-2000 B. C. in Iraq, bridge the gap between the human and divine |
| Ziggurat | A temple and center of spiritual life |
| Standard of Ur | 2685-2645 B. C., mosaic-like panel of shell and colored stones, depicts the results of a Sumerian military battle |
| Stele of Hammurabi | 1760 B. C., composed a humane code of laws, code of Hammurabi was inscribed on a black basalt stele or upright slab |
| Audience Hall of Darius and Xerxes | 500 B. C., Persepolis, Iran, Persians built this palace under the rule of King Darius |
| The Great Pyramids | Largest of the three was built for Cheops, stones cut so accurately that a knife blade can be forced between two surfaces, guarded by the Great Sphinx |
| Imhotep | 2,600 B. C., first artist in history whose name is known, architect for the Step Pyramid of King Zoser |
| Palace at Knossos | 1,600-1,400 B. C., Crete, Palace of Minos, contains many rooms, running water, sewage system, theater, storerooms, terraces and decorated quarters for the rulers |
| Bull Dance Fresco | Fresco from Minoan Palace of Knossos, largest Minoan wall painting discovered so far, shows a ritual game |
| Fresco | Plaster wall painting |
| Lion Gate at Mycenae | 1,250 B. C., limestone relief sculpture and doorway that represents the power of the Mycenean King |
| Funeral Mask | 1,500 B. C., beaten gold which was probably intended to cover the face of a deceased ruler or King Agamemnon |
| The Kritios Boy | The first important point is that he really stands, back leg is not bound to a block for balance, shows a relaxed body, for only when the Greek sculptor had mastered the relaxed body could he begin to show the body in motion |
| Contrapposto | Counterpose, used to describe the position where the engaged leg is in the forward position |
| Statue of a Younth, Kouros | 600 B. C., life-size nude youth that represented Apollo/ideal athlete, stylized and didn't represent real people |
| Kore | Female figure like the Kouros, freestanding clothed figure of an idealized young girl, painted, Greek sculptures appeared more natural |
| Archaic Smile | The slight smile seen on Kouros and Kore |
| Frieze | Continuous, sculpted band - usually running along the top of a wall |
| Pediment | Flat, triangular area on buildings |
| Nike of Samothrace | 190 B. C., marble, one of the greatest of Hellenistic sculptures, symbol of Winged Victory |
| Capitol | Top of the columns |
| Parthenon | Central building of the acropolis in Athens, Greece, built by Iktinus and Kallikrates in 448-432 B. C., built for Athena |
| Porch of the Maidens, the Erechtheum | 421-405 B. C., six female figures (caryatids) are used instead of columns to support the architecture |
| The Theater at Epidaurus | 350 B. C., an open air, rounded structure that was placed into the sloping sides of a hill, used for dramatic productions even today |
| Encaustic | A painting technique involving mixing the pigment and applying it to the surface when hot, used to paint the Greek statues |
| Amphora | A large storage jar with two handles |
| Hydria | A large jug for carrying water from the community fountain |
| Colosseum | 72-80 A. D., Grandest of all Roman structures, amphitheater/stadium originally designed for the staging of lavish spectacles (battles between animals and gladiators) |
| Pantheon | 118-125 A. D., Rome, built to honor all the gods, huge dome, eye in the middle |
| Mosaics | Colored stone, tile, or glass (tesserae) used to create designs |
| Mosaics of San Vitale, in Ravenna, Italy | Made of brightly colored glass (tesserae) pressed into wet plaster, depicts Emperor Justinian and Empress Theodora with attendants, Christianity is appearing in art |
| St. Mark's church in Venice | 1063 A. D., largest and most lavishly decorated church of its time |
| Cathedral of St. Basil, Moscow | It has a large number of onion-shaped domes surrounding a central tent-like structure |
| Medieval Art | Middle Ages, period of time over 1,000 years (500-1500 A. D.) |
| Manuscript Illumination | Monks in secluded monasteries spent their lifetimes illustrating pages of scripture with fantastic animals, intricate designs and infinite detail |
| Lindisfarne Gospel | Illustrated between 698-721 in Christianized Great Britain, it is a volume of many vellum pages |
| Vellum | Parchment or bleached animal skin |
| Bayeux Tapestry | 220 ft, long, embroidery, Normans defeating English in 1066 |
| Romanesque Architecture | Rounded arches |
Created by:
archergirl
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