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Test 2
Microbiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the study of fungus? | Mycology |
| Name 3 types of fungus | Yeast, molds (filamentous mildews ,rust), fleshy fungus (mushrooms, puff balls) |
| Is a yeast multicellular or unicellular? | Unicellular |
| Is a mold multicellular or unicellular? | Multicellular |
| The majority of fungus are what type of organism? | Saprophytes |
| Where are saprophytes found? | Soil and water |
| What is the underground filaments of the fungus called? | Hyphae |
| What is the vegetative part or reproductive part of the fungus called? | Mycelium |
| Is mycosis an acute or chronic disease? | Chronic, because fungus grow slowly |
| What is a fungal infection called? | Mycosis |
| Humans are usually resistant to fungal infections except what type? | Primary pathogens and opportunistic diseases |
| What type of diseases attack persons who are already weakened? | oppotunistic |
| What is the shape of a yeast fungus? | Spherical or oval |
| What is the budding part of yeast called? | Pseudohyphae |
| Why can't bacteria grow on fruits, grains and vegetables? | Too acidic and not enough moisture for bacteria to grow on |
| What are 3 types of superficial mycosis? | Tinea vesicolor, Tinea nigra, and black piedra |
| Where is superficial mycosis found on the body? | Surface of the epidermal cells and on hair shafts |
| Are all cutaneous mycosis pathogenic? | No |
| What type of cutaneous fungal infection is more common in adults? | Trichophyton |
| What type of cutaneous fungal infection is found in dogs and cats? | Microsporum |
| What is used in the lab in order to observe types of fungal infections? | KOH preps |
| What is the most treatable STD caused by a protozoan? | Trichomonas |
| What is the rose growers disease called? | Sporothrix schenckii |
| How do you get a systemic fungal disease? | Enters the body by inhalation of spores |
| What part of the body does a systemic fungal infection affect? | Organs and tissues |
| Athletes foot and ringworm are caused by what type of fungus? | Mold (Dimorphic) |
| What type of fungus causes chronic pulmonary disease? | Histoplasmosis capsulatum |
| What percentage of histoplasmosis capsulatum cases are asymptomatic and self-limited? | 95% |
| What part of the US is histoplasmosis Capsulatum prevalent? | Ohio, Mississippi River, and Missouri River Valleys |
| Bird droppings that are high in nitrogen areresponsible for what systemic fungal disease? | Histoplasmosis capsulatum |
| What are 2 systemic fungal diseases? | Histoplasmosis capsulatum and Coccidioides immitis |
| What is the common name for Coccidioides immitis? | Valley fever |
| Where would you find cases of Coccidioides immitis? | Desert SW U.S, and Semiarid regions of Mexico, and Central S.A. |
| How does Coccidioides immitis affect the body? | 60% of the infections are asymptomatic and self-limited respiratory tract infections |
| What are 3 types of opportunistic fungus? | Aspergillus, Candida Albicans, and Cryptococcus neoformans |
| What type of fungus causes Aspergillus? | Mold |
| What type of fungus causes Candida Albicans? | Yeast |
| What type of fungus causes Cryptococcus neoformans? | Yeast |
| What type of test is used instead of india ink pred when testing for miningitis? | Cryptococcus antigen test |
| What opportunistic disease is associated with chicken droppings | Cryptococcus neoformans |
| Overgrowth of candida albicans causes what disease in babies? | Thrush generally on the tongue |
| Yeast have large capsules and when inhaled, it gets into the lungs which cross into the blood brain barrior causes what? | Meningitis |
| Why is algae important in the food chain? | Photosynthesis |
| What 2 microorganisms belong to the kingdom protista? | Protozoa and algae |
| What are 4 types of protozoans? | Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, Trichomonas, Trypanosoma |
| What is another name for african sleeping sickness? | Trypanosoma |
| What protozaon causes STDs? | Trichomonas |
| What is the most common protozoan that causes severe diarreah? | Giardia lamblia |
| What protozoan causes ulcerations in the intestines? | Entamoeba histolytica |
| What are the 2 stages of the protozoan? | Troph and cyst |
| What stage are protozoans in when they are moving around and functioning? | Troph |
| What stage are protozoans in when they enter into a dormant, resting stage? | Cyst |
| What protozoan causes dysentery? | Entamoeba histolytica |
| This is contracted from the bit of a fly that affects the spinal fluid causing african sleeping sickness | Trypanosoma brucei |
| This protista has both fungal and animal characteristics | Slime mold |
| What are 6 types of protists? | Algae, lichen, slime molds, protozoans, sporozoa, and multicellular parasites |
| These are cellular, unfavorable, single structured, which migrate and produce a stalk and spore cap | Slime molds |
| These protists have single cells that interact to generate a multicellular organism. | Cellular slime mold |
| What protists are multinucleated? | Slime molds |
| What sporozoa causes serious infections in AIDs and other immunosuppressed people? | Cryptosporidium |
| Give examples of multicellusar parasites | Flukes, tapeworms, roundworms, and arthropods (disease vectors) |
| What is the name of the pork tapeworm? | Taenia solium |
| What is the name of the beef tapeworm? | Taenia saginata |
| Name 4 types of roundworms | Enterobius vermiculars, Necator americanus, trichinella spiralis, and ascaris lumbricoides |
| What carries disease-causing microorganisms that are called vectors? | Arthropods |
| What do you call arthrodods that carry disese-causing microorganisms? | Vectors |
| What is another name for enterobius vermiculars? | Pinworm |
| What is another name for Necator americanus? | Hookworm |
| What are 2 ways in which vectors can carry disease? | Mechanical means and multiply in the vectors |
| What sporozoa is the cause of malaria? | Plasmodium |
| What type of test is used to determine if a stool sample contains parasites or eggs? | O&P test |
| What are protein particles with no nucleic acid, no envelope, and no capsid called? | Prions |
| What type of microorganism derive both carbon and energy from organic compounds? | Cheomoheterotrophs |
| What microogranisms derive their energy from sunlight which tranform light rays into chemical energy and are primary producers of oxygen? | Photoautotrophs |
| What is the name of the chemoheterotrophs that are decomposers of plant litter, animal matter, and dead microbes? | Saprobes |
| What organism must obtain its carbon in an organic form? | Heterotroph |
| What is required for metabolism and growth? | Carbon and an energy source |
| What sporozoa grow in the human liver and RBCs(ring shaped) during tha asexual cycle | Plamodium |
| What is plasmodium caused by? | Anopheles mosquito |
| What sporozoa is found in cats (host) and causes mild diahrrea in healthy humans? | Toxoplasma gondii |
| This is an infection of the lungs that causes pneumonia in AIDs patients but doesn't affect health people | Pneumocystis carinii |
| What parasite is detected by a scotch tape test? | Enterobius vermiculars |
| What is another name for a hookworm? | Necator americanus |
| What is the roundworm that is found encysted in pig muscle? | Trichinella spiralis |
| What is a bacteria virus called? | Bateriophage |
| What inclusion body are found in rabies? | Negri bodies |
| Chemoheterotrophic microorganisms belong to one of two main categories depending on how they obtain their food. What are the 2 categories? | Saprobes and parasites |
| What 5 types of atmospheric conditions that bacteria grow in? | strict aerobic, facultative anaerobe, microaerophilic, strict anaerobe, and aerotolerant anaerobe |
| What type bacteria only grows in the presence of oxygen? | Strict (obligate) aerobes |
| What type of bacteria can grow with oxygen and without oxygen but grows best in the presence of oxygen? | Facultative anaerobes |
| What type of bacteria only grow without oxygen? | Strict (obligate) anaerobe |
| What percent of our atmosphere is oxygen? | 21% |
| What type of bacteria can grow with or without the presence of oxygen but grows best without it? | Aerotolerant anaerobes |
| What type of bacteria doesn't grow in the presence of oxygen OR without oxygen? | Microaerophiles |
| What methods are used to rapidly identify viral infections? | Electron microscope, serology, cytology (pap smears), viral antigens |
| What are some diseases caused by prions? | Creutzfeldt-Jakob, mad cow disease, wasting disease |
| What type of yeast is normal flora on our body? | Candida albicans |
| What protists has is green algae and a fungus? | Lichen |
| What is the slowest frowing fungus on earth? | Lichen |
| What is a large group of mostly marine multicellular algae that play an important role in marine environments both as food, and for the habitats they form. | Brown algae or kelp |
| This phenomenon happens when mussels or clams eat large amounts of onyaulax which produce a neurotoxin | Red Tide |
| A protozoa which causes flask shaped leisions in the intestinal mucosa is called? | Entamoeba |
| A mold which is found all over and can easily contaminant agar has also been found to cause infection in immunocompromised patients. | Aspergillus |
| An AIDs patient may get an over a severe GI infection, but anyone can be infected. When first found to infect the human population. it is was thought to only infect the immunocompromised, but it is now know that anyone can have an infection. | Cryptosporidian |
Created by:
seshelby62
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