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Vocab. Cell Division

and Reproduction

TeacherApril Ray
Cell cycle (cell biology) The sequence of growth and division of a cell, and consists of a series of biological processes.
Mitosis a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number.
Daughter Cell One of the two or more cells formed in the division of a parent cell.
Parent Cell The cell giving rise to daughter cells by cell division.
Cytoplasm the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.
Nucleus the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth
Chromosome a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells
DNA It is the carrier of genetic information.
Genes a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.
Gamete a male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.
Germ Cell a cell containing half the number of chromosomes of a somatic cell.
Meiosis a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell
Somatic Cell any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells.
Zygote a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum.
Sperm Cell Sperm is the male reproductive cell and is derived from the Greek word sperma .
Ova/Egg Cell The egg cell, or ovum, is the female reproductive cell (gamete) in oogamous organisms.
Asexual Reproduction reproduction, as budding, fission, or spore formation, not involving the union of gametes.
Sexual Reproduction the production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types (sexes)
Fertilization the action or process of fertilizing an egg, female animal, or plant, involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote.
Binary Fission A type of asexual reproduction common among prokaryotes wherein a cell divides giving rise to two cells.
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