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CCNA 3-4 Commands

QuestionAnswer
CAM Content Addressable Memory in a Switch
Store and Forward Entire frame is stored in memory, checked, and then sent to it's destination
Cut Through Frame is forwarded before all of it is received
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
FCS Frame Check Sequence
Fast Forward Frame is forwarded as soon as destination MAC is received
Fragment Free First 64 bytes are read before forwarded to prevent runts
Adaptive Cut Through Starts switching Fast Forward, but changes to Store and Forward if there are a lot of errors
STP Spanning Tree Protocol
BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Units used by STP by multicasting to other switches every 2 seconds
STP Port Power On States Blocking (solid amber), Listening (blinking amber), Learning (blinking amber), Forwarding (blinking green)
Root Bridge The focal point switch that is elected based on Bridge ID (BID)
BID Bridge ID=Bridge Priority + MAC address, lower BID wins. Same BID, lower MAC wins
Root Port Least cost path back to the root bridge
Designated Port Not the least cost path back to the root bridge
Blocked Port Does not forward traffic (not the same as disabled port)
STP PortFast Access port enters forwarding state immediately
STP UplinkFast Accelerates the choice of a root port
STP BackboneFast Provides fast convergence after a STP topology change
Spanning Tree Protocol IEEE IEEE 802.1D
Rapid STP IEEE IEEE 802.1w
RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (not proprietary like PortFast)
RSTP Port States discarding, learning, forwarding
VMPS VLAN Management Policy Server
Management VLAN VLAN 1, aka native VLAN
Frame Tagging VLAN ID is inserted into the ethernet frame
Frame Tagging Standard IEEE 802.1Q aka dot1q
VLAN functions Limits size of broadcast domains, improves network performance, provides security
ISL Cisco proprietary frame tagging standard "Inter-Switch Link"
Where untagged frames go VLAN 1
ACL Access Control Lists
Standard ACL ACL based on Source IP in Packet. 1-99
Extended ACL ACL based on SRC, DEST, protocol. 100-199
Named ACL NACL referenced by a descriptive name rather than a number
BCP Business Continuity Plan
BSP Business Security Plan
NMP Network Maintenance Plan
SLA Service Level Agreement
IDF Intermediate Distribution Facility
MDF Main Distribution Facility
Microsegment A connection between ports on a switch made by a virtual circuit
VTP Vlan Trunking Protocol, layer 2, distributes vlan database
Hierarchical Addressing Address structure where branches of a network are subnets of the larger network
Route Aggregation syn: Route summarization
Quad Zero Route 0.0.0.0
Distance Vector Protocols Routing Protocols where routers rely on their direct neighbor for information about where other networks are located.
RIPng RIP Next Generation, 15 hops max, split horizon and poison reverse,
RIPv2 Classless routing, VLSM, CIDR, authentication, multicasts every 30s, AD=120, UDP520
RIPv1 Classful routing, automatic summary, broadcasts every 30 s, AD=120, UDP520
split horizon router does not send routing info from the interface it came in on
route poisoning setting the route to 16 to stop traffic on route to break loops
poisoned reverse setting network or subnet to "unreachable" to break loops
holdown a router stops sending or receiving info for a set amount of time to remove bad routes.
RIP request requesting RIP neighbors to report routes
RIP response RIP router sends out responses to RIP requests
triggered update RIP router sends out it's routing table update
EIGRP advantages Cisco only, VLSM, DUAL, fast convergence, loop free, composite metric, hello packets
DUAL Diffusing Update Algorithm
Admin Dist of RIP 120
Admin Dist of EIGRP 90
Admin Dist of Static 1
Admin Dist of Connected 0
Admin Dist of OSPF 110
EIGRP Tables Neighbor, Topology, Routing
EIGRP update interval every 5s on faster than T1, 60s on T1 or slower
EIGRP Packets Ack, Update, Query, Reply
RTP Reliable Transport Protocol works on proprietary Layer 4
PDM Protocol Dependent Module
EIGRP Metrics delay, reliability, load
EIGRP FD Feasible Distance (the best path)
EIGRP AD Advertised Distance (the best path from a neighbor)
EIGRP RD Reported Distance
RIPv2 multicast addr 224.0.0.9 every 30s
default RIPv2 timeout 180s
NULL0 Interface EIGRIP Summarization Interface
Local Loop The last mile
DS0 Digital Signal Level 0 = 56K
DS1 24 DS0s = T1 = 1.544 Mbps
DS3 28 DS1s = T3 = 44.736 Mbps
HDLC High Level Data Link Control
TDM Time Division Multiplexing (no regard for empty packets)
STDM Statistical-Time Division Multiplexing (empty packets are not sent)
Cell Switching A variation of Packet Switching, where packets are uniform size
SVC Switched Virtual Circuit (a circuit is set up in a packet switched network and torn down on demand)
PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit (permanent circuit in a packet switched network)
SONET Synchronous Optical Network
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
POS Packet over SONET
DWDM Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
PPP LCP Link Control Protocol (establishes point to point links)
PPP NCP Network Control Protocol (connects the Layer 2 PPP to Layer 3)
IPCP IP Control Protocol (NCP for IP)
IPXCP IPX Control Protocol (NCP for IPX)
PPP Session steps Link Establishment, Authentication, NCP Negotiation
PAP Password Authentication Protocol
CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
DLCI Data Link Connection Identifier in Frame Relay
Inverse ARP Maps DLCI number to a remote IP address
LMI Local Management Interface-signaling standard between DTE and Frame Relay switch
CIR Comitted Information Rate
Created by: Zipposan
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