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surgical procedures
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a Cholecystectomy | |
| Pathological conditions of the esophagus fall into four major categories | Hiatal hernia and reflux esophagitis Esophageal motility disorders Neoplasms Trauma |
| Surgical procedure performed to correct a hiatal hernia | Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication |
| Surgical creation of an opening from the gastric mucosa to the skin | Gastrostomy |
| Reasons for performing a gastrostomy | Performed to provide nutrition “feeding” to the patient or to decompress and drain the stomach May be performed in conjunction with a gastrectomy |
| Involves removal of the stomach and reconstitution of the alimentary tract | Total Gastrectomy |
| Subtotal gastrectomy types | Billroth I: removal of pylorus of the stomach and end-to-end anastomosis of remaining stomach and duodenum Billroth II: cut ends of duodenum are closed and jejunum is anastomosed to the stomach |
| Pathological conditions that affect the bowel | Appendectomy liver tumors, pancreatic carcinoma, cholecystitis, hernias, |
| Performed for acute appendicitis or incidentally during other surgery as a prophylactic measure | Appendectomy |
| Communication of a section of bowel with the outside of the abdominal cavity | Stoma |
| Reasons for stoma surgery | Created to divert the fecal stream Done temporarily to protect a recent intestinal anastomosis, to avoid potential abdominal spillage postoperatively, or an end result of bowel resection |
| Most commonly performed to excise hepatocellular tumor Also performed as part of treatment for carcinoma of the gallbladder, to resolve uncontrollable bleeding or parenchymal maceration following abdominal trauma, or for transplant | Liver resection |
| Commonly traumatized and removed during emergency surgery | Spleen |
| Performed for managing tumors of the head of the pancreas Requires both resection and reconstruction | Whipple |
| Removal of the entire breast including axillary lymph nodes Used in Stage I and II breast cancer or in conjunction with chemotherapy and radiation treatments for Stage III and IV breast cancer | Modified radical mastectomy |
| Surgical removal of the thyroid gland Parathyroid glanThyroidectomy ds must be spared A life-threatening condition associated with the parathyroid glands is tetany If all four glands are removed, the patient will experience hypoparathyroidism, which | Thyroidectomy |
Created by:
spingram
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