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USMLE_DrugTox

USMLE Step 1 drug toxicities

QuestionAnswer
Atropine-like side effects Tricyclics
Coronary vasospasm Cocaine, sumatriptan
Cutaneous flushing Niacin, Ca2+ channel blockers, adenosine, vancomycin
Dilated cardiomyopathy Doxorubicin, daunorubicin
Torsades de pointes Class III (sotalol), class IA (quinidine) antiarrhythmics, cisapride
Agranulocytosis Clozapine, carbamazepine, colchicine, propylthiouracil, methimazole
Aplastic anemia Chloramphenicol, benzene, NSAIDs, propylthiouracil, methimazole
Direct Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia Methyldopa
Gray baby syndrome Chloramphenicol
Hemolysis in G6PD-deficient patients Isoniazid, Sulfonamides, Primaquine, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Nitrofurantoin ("hemolysis IS PAIN")
Megaloblastic anemia Phenytoin, Methotrexate, Sulfa drugs ("having a BLAST with PMS")
Thrombotic complications OCPs (estrogens and progestins)
Cough ACE inhibitors
Pulmonary fibrosis Bleomycin, busulfan, amiodarone
Acute cholestatic hepatitis Macrolides
Focal to massive hepatic necrosis Halothane, valproic acid, acetaminophen, Amanita phalloides
Hepatitis INH
Pseudomembranous colitis Ampicillin, clindamycin
Adrenocortical insufficiency Glucocorticoid withdrawal (HPA suppression)
Gynecomastia Spironolactone, Digitalis, Cimedtidine, chronic Alcohol use, estrogens, Ketoconazole ("Some Drugs Create Awesome Knockers")
Hot flashes Tamoxifen, clomiphene
Gingival hyperplasia Phenytoin
Gout Furosemide, thiazides
Osteoporosis Corticosteroids, heparin
Photosensitivity Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracycline ("SAT for a PHOTO")
Rash (Stevens-Johnson syndrome) Ethosuximide, lamotrigine, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, sulfa drugs, penicillin, allopurinol
SLE-like syndrome Hydralazine, INH, Procainamide, Phenytoin ("it's not HIPP to have lupus")
Tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilage damage (kids) Fluoroquinolones
Fanconi's syndrome expired tetracyclines
Interstitial nephritis Methicillin, NSAIDs, furosemide
Hemorrhagic cystitis Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide (prevent by coadministering with mesna)
Cinchonism Quinidine, quinine
Diabetes insipidus Lithium, demeclocycline
Parkinson-like syndrome Haloperidol, chlorpromazine, reserpine, metoclopramide
Seizures Bupropion, imipenem/cilastatin, isoniazid
Tardive dyskinesia Antipsychotics
Disulfiram-like reaction Metronidazole, certain cephalosporins, procarbazine, 1-st generation sulfonylureas
Nephrotoxicity / neurotoxicity Polymyxins
Nephrotoxicity / ototoxicity Aminoglycosides, vancomycin, loop diuretics, cisplatin
Created by: Forbachc
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