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physical science...
study guide for the last test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What dissolves in a solution? | Solvent |
| What is the substance being dissolved? | Solute |
| For solids dissolving in liquids, what increases as surface area and temperature increase, and with stirring? | Speed of dissolving |
| For gases in liquids, what decreases with increased temperature? | Speed of solubility |
| What increases with increased pressure? | Speed of solubility |
| What dissolves in polar solvents but not in nonpolar solvents? | Polar solutes |
| What usually dissolves in nonpolar solutes but does not dissolve in polar solutes? | Nonpolar solvents |
| What is expressed as the maximum number of grams of solute that will dissolve in 100 grams of solvent at a certain temperature? | Solubility |
| A substance that forms charged ions in solution and can conduct electricity is called what? | Electrolyte |
| what does not ionize in water and cannot conduct electricity? | nonelectrolyte |
| the boiling point of a water solution of any stubstance is _____(higher,lower) than the boiling point of water | higher |
| the freezing point of a water solution of any substance is ______(higher,lower) than the freezing point of water | lower |
| In a solution of sugar and water, the water is the? | Solvent |
| In the disolving process negative polar ends are attracted to____ polar ends. | Positive |
| Grinding a solute increases its surface area making it disolve more____? | quickly |
| A gases solubility is best in a liquid solvent when the solution is under____ pressure? | high |
| different substances have____ solubilities | different |
| The consentration of a solution of two or more liquids is expressed as a percentage by___? | volume |
| As the temperature of a liquid solvent increases the amount of soild solute that can b dissolved in the solvent usually___? | increases |
| Lines on a graph that show how much a solute a solvent can hold at a given temperature are called ___? | Solubility curves |
| In the ionization process water pulls the molecules of a polar substance apart into __? | ions |
| If a solute is a ___ the solution can conduct electricity | elecrolyte |
| The more particles of a solute that are added to a solution the ___ of the freezing point of the solution | lower |
| When a solid is being dissolved in a liquid stiring ___ the disolving process | speeds up |
| a gas dissolves faster in a liquid if the temperature in the liquid is ___ | increased |
| a gases solubility is faster in a liquid when ender ___ pressure | high |
| by stiring a gas in a liquid its solubility___ the dissolving process | slows down |
| a solid dissolves faster in a liquid if the temperature in the liquid is ___ | increased |
| the __ the surface area of a solid the faster it will dissolve | larger |
| why dont water and oil combine to form a solution? | water is polar and oil is nonpolar |
| why is water referred to as the "universal solvent?" | it can dissolve so many things |
| What have no positive and negative areas___ | Nonpolar molecules |
| Carbon and hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbon molecules share electrons___ | Equally |
| Ethonal can dissolve iodine as well as water because ___ | it has one polar and nonpolar end |
| What dissolves what is described by | like dissolves like |
| when working with nonpolar solvents good ventelation is important becuase nonpolar solvents tend to evaporate more___than water producing high consentrations of vapor | more readily |
| ___ soluble vitamins such as vitamin a can acumulate in our tissues an can b toxic in high consetrations | Fat soluble |
| ____ soluble vitamins such as vitamin c can be flushed out of the body before they can b used an therefore must b replaced constantly | water soluble |
| Water molecules are attracted by an cling to molecules of ___ solutes making then sticky and slowing evaporization | polar |
| A mixture that appears to have the same composition color density and taste an is mixed at the atomic or molecular level | solution |
| large molecules made of hydrogen and carbon atoms are | hydrocarbons |
| Charged atom | ions |
| describes materials with no seperated positive an negative areas | nonpolars |
| The maximum amount of a solute that can b dissolved in a given amount of solvent | Solubility |
| Any substance that does not conduct electricity | nonelectrolyte |
| any substace that sperates into ions or forms ions in a water solution | dissociation |
| contains more solute than a saturated solution does at a given tempature | supersaturated solution |
| a specific solute added to a solvent in order to lower the freezing point of the solvent | Dilute |
| solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given tempature | Saturated solution |
| Process by which water pulls the molecules in polar substances into ions | ionization |
| any solution that can dissolve any solute at a given temperature | Unsaturated solution |
| the substance being dissolved | solute |
| the substance doing the dissolving | solvent |
| solutions can be liquids gases or ____ | solids |
| alloys are _____ solutions | solid |
| water molecules are ___ with a positive area and a negative area | polar |
| moving water molecules cluster around ____ molecules as their negative ends are attracted to the positive ends of the molecule | sugar |
| water molecules ____ the solid particles into solution | dissolve |
| the moving ____ molecules and _____ molecules spread out and mix evenly to for a ____ | sugar/crystal/solution |
| to mix solids to make an alloy solution you must ____ the solids | melt |
| speeds up dissolving by bringing more fresh solvent into contact with more solute | stirring |
| dissolving occurs at the ____ of a solid | ??? |
Created by:
nicky :)
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