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APS Social Studies
Climates of the Earth
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Weather | the condition of the atmosphere in one place during a limited period of time |
| Climate | weather patterns that an area typically experiences over a long period of time |
| The Earth's Axis | an imaginary line running from the North Pole to the South Pole through the planet's center and is currently tilted at an angle of about 23.5% |
| Temperature | the measure of how hot or cold a place is. |
| Revolution | It takes the earth a few hours more than 1 year to complete one trip around the sun |
| equinox | March 21 is the day the sun's rays fall directly on the equator |
| Tropic of Cancer | the northern most point on the earth to receive the direct rays of the sun |
| Summer Solstice | June 21 brings the longest day of the year to the northern hemisphere and mark's the beginning of the summer |
| Tropic of Capricorn | the southern most point on the earth to receive the direct rays of the sun. |
| Winter Solstice | December 22 the shortest day of the year in the northern hemisphere |
| Greenhouse effect | the earth's atmosphere traps some heat and keeps it from escaping too quickly |
| Global Warming | believed to be caused in part by human activities such as the burningof coal, oil, and natural gas. As more fossil fuels are burned, greenhouse gasesenter the atmosphere and trap more heat. |
| Low Latitudes | the zone between the tropic of cancer and tropic of capricorn. Have warm to hot climates, portions receive direct sunlight all year, known as the tropics |
| High Latitudes | the earth's polar areas has continuos daylight or twilight depending on the time of the year |
| Mid Latitudes | located between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle and the Tropic of Capricorn and the antarctic circle. summer it is warm and winter is cold |
| prevailing winds | global winds that blow in fairly constant patterns, the directions are determined by latitude and the earth's movement |
| The Coriolis effect | the phenomenon causing prevailing winds to blow diagonally rather than north south or east west lines |
| The Trade Winds | found in the low latitudes prevailing winds that allowed the trade ships to move swiftly they blow from the northeast toward the equator or southeast toward the equator |
| Westerlies | the prevailing winds in the mid latitudes blowing diagonally west to east |
| Polar Easterlies | in the high latitudes blowing diagonally east to west pushing cold air toward the mid latitudes |
| doldrums | a windless area on either side of the equator |
| The Horse Latitudes | the calm areas at the edges of the tropics |
| Currents | caused by the earth's rotation,changes in air pressure, and differencs in water temperature |
| El Nino | a periodic change in the pattern of ocean currents and water temperatures in the mid-pacific region |
| Windward | the side of the mountain facing the wind |
| Leeward | the side of the monutain that does not face the wind often it is hot and dry |
| Rain Shadow Effect | The leeward side is very dry because it receives little precipitation |
| natural vegetation | the plant life that grows in the area where the natural environment is unchsnged by human activity |
Created by:
tbostwick
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