A political system in which ultimate authority is shared between a central government and state or regional governments
Federation
The tendency of lesser-known or weaker candidates to profit in an election by the presence on the ticket of a more popular candidate
Coattails
A primary that permits all voters, regardless of party, to choose candidates of both parties
Blanket
A system in which sovereignty is wholly in the hands of the national government so that subnational political units are dependent on its will
Unitary
Periods during which a sharp lasting shift occurs in the popular coalition supporting one or both parties. The issues that separate the two parties change and so the kinds of voters supporting each party change
Critical or Realigning
Principle by which constitutional authority is shared by three different branches of government
Separation of Powers
A political system in which states or regional governments retain ultimate authority except for those powers that they expressly delegate to a central government
Confederation
A primary that permits voters to chose on election day the party primary in which they wish to vote
Open
A belief and confidence in one's own abilities to understand and take part in political affairs
Internal efficacy
A primary limited to registered party members
Closed
A belief that the system will respond to a citizen's demands
External efficacy
The power of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches to block some acts by the other two branches